Dermatitis: Inflammatory Skin Diseases

Infectious Diseases

• Caused by pathogens, following colonization of a body site by the pathogen
• Can affect more than one anatomical site, and pathogens can move from one site to another during the course of a disease

Skin Infections

• Folliculitis: Inflammation of a hair follicle
• Sty (or Stye): Inflammation of a sebaceous gland that opens into a follicle of an eyelash
• Furuncle: A localized pyogenic (pus-producing) infection of the skin, usually resulting from folliculitis; also known as a boil
• Carbuncle: A deep-seated pyogenic infection of the skin, usually arising from a coalescence of furuncles

Infections of the Respiratory Tract

• Pharyngitis: Inflammation of the membrane and underlying tissue of the pharynx; commonly referred to as sore throat
• Pneumonia: Inflammation of one or both lungs, with alveolar sacs becoming filled with exudate, inflammatory cells, and fibrin
• Sinusitis: Inflammation of the lining of one or more of the paranasal sinuses

Infections of the Oral Region

• Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gingiva (gums)
• Periodontitis: Inflammation of the periodontium (tissues that surround and support the teeth); in severe cases, teeth loosen and fall out

Infections of the Gastrointestinal System

• Colitis: Inflammation of the colon (the large intestine)
• Diarrhea: An abnormally frequent discharge of semi-solid or fluid fecal matter
• Dysentery: Frequent watery stools, accompanied by abdominal pain, fever, and dehydration

Infections of the Genitourinary System

• Cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder; the most common type of UTI
• Nephritis: General term referring to inflammation of the kidneys
• Pyelonephritis: Inflammation of the renal parenchyma
• Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra
• Epidemic STDs: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), chlamydial and herpes infections, gonorrhea, and syphilis

Infections of the Circulatory System

• Endocarditis: Inflammation of the endocardium
• Myocarditis: Inflammation of the myocardium
• Pericarditis: Inflammation of the pericardium
• Bacteremia: Presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
• Septicemia: A disease in which the patient experiences chills, fever, and prostration, and has bacteria and/or their toxins in the bloodstream

Infections of the Lymphatic System

• Lymphadenitis: Inflamed and swollen lymph nodes
• Lymphadenopathy: Diseased lymph nodes
• Lymphangitis: Inflamed lymphatic vessels

Other Infections

• Malaria: A parasitic infection that occurs in immunocompetent individuals, but is more common and more severe in immunosuppressed individuals
• Mycobacterium avium complex: A bacterial infection that can cause recurring fevers, problems with digestion, and serious weight loss
• Pneumocystis pneumonia: A fungal infection that can cause a fatal pneumonia
• Toxoplasmosis: A protozoal infection of the eyes and brain
• Tuberculosis (TB): A bacterial lower respiratory infection; can cause meningitis; occurs in immunocompetent individuals, but is more common and more severe in immunosuppressed individuals

This quiz covers the basics of dermatitis, including the inflammation of the skin and sebaceous glands. It also touches on degenerative diseases and other categories of human diseases.