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Questions and Answers
Which theory describes depression as the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors?
Which theory describes depression as the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors?
- Seligman’s learned helplessness model
- Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory (correct)
- Beck’s cognitive theory
- Koenigs & Grafman's theory
Which theory links depression to repeated exposure to uncontrollable negative life events?
Which theory links depression to repeated exposure to uncontrollable negative life events?
- Beck’s cognitive theory
- Seligman’s learned helplessness model (correct)
- Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory
- Koenigs & Grafman's theory
Which theory attributes depression to a negative cognitive triad?
Which theory attributes depression to a negative cognitive triad?
- Beck’s cognitive theory (correct)
- Koenigs & Grafman's theory
- Seligman’s learned helplessness model
- Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory
Which of the following is a symptom required for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
Which of the following is a symptom required for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder?
Which psychotherapies are evidence-based for the prevention and treatment of peripartum depression?
Which psychotherapies are evidence-based for the prevention and treatment of peripartum depression?
Which neurotransmitters have been found to be related to depression?
Which neurotransmitters have been found to be related to depression?
What is the specifier with seasonal pattern also known as?
What is the specifier with seasonal pattern also known as?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in monozygotic twins?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in monozygotic twins?
What role does the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis play in depression?
What role does the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis play in depression?
Which of the following is a symptom required for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
Which of the following is a symptom required for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
What is the specifier with peripartum onset also known as?
What is the specifier with peripartum onset also known as?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder in adults?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder in adults?
Which of the following factors must be considered before prescribing antidepressants for peripartum depression?
Which of the following factors must be considered before prescribing antidepressants for peripartum depression?
What is the primary stress hormone associated with an increased risk for depression?
What is the primary stress hormone associated with an increased risk for depression?
Which areas of the brain have been linked to structural and functional abnormalities in depression?
Which areas of the brain have been linked to structural and functional abnormalities in depression?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in dizygotic twins?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in dizygotic twins?
According to Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory, depression is the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors due to a lack of reinforcement in the environment and/or poor social skills. This results in social isolation, low self-esteem, pessimism, and other characteristics of depression that, in turn, further decrease the likelihood of positive reinforcement in the future.
According to Lewinsohn’s social reinforcement theory, depression is the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors due to a lack of reinforcement in the environment and/or poor social skills. This results in social isolation, low self-esteem, pessimism, and other characteristics of depression that, in turn, further decrease the likelihood of positive reinforcement in the future.
Seligman's learned helplessness model links depression to repeated exposure to uncontrollable negative life events. What does the reformulated version of the model emphasize?
Seligman's learned helplessness model links depression to repeated exposure to uncontrollable negative life events. What does the reformulated version of the model emphasize?
Beck's cognitive theory attributes depression to a negative cognitive triad. What are the three components of this negative cognitive triad?
Beck's cognitive theory attributes depression to a negative cognitive triad. What are the three components of this negative cognitive triad?
Which of the following is NOT a depressive disorder according to the DSM-5-TR?
Which of the following is NOT a depressive disorder according to the DSM-5-TR?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
How long must the characteristic symptoms persist for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
What is the specifier with peripartum onset also known as?
What is the specifier with peripartum onset also known as?
Which of the following factors has been linked to an increased risk for depression in individuals exposed to chronic stress?
Which of the following factors has been linked to an increased risk for depression in individuals exposed to chronic stress?
Which of the following areas of the brain has been associated with abnormally high levels of activity in depression?
Which of the following areas of the brain has been associated with abnormally high levels of activity in depression?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in dizygotic twins?
What is the concordance rate for unipolar depression in dizygotic twins?
Which of the following is a potential negative effect of prescribing antidepressants for peripartum depression?
Which of the following is a potential negative effect of prescribing antidepressants for peripartum depression?
Which theory describes depression as the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors due to a lack of reinforcement in the environment and/or poor social skills?
Which theory describes depression as the result of a low rate of response-contingent reinforcement for social behaviors due to a lack of reinforcement in the environment and/or poor social skills?
What does Seligman’s reformulated version of the learned helplessness model emphasize?
What does Seligman’s reformulated version of the learned helplessness model emphasize?
According to Beck’s cognitive theory, what does depression attribute to?
According to Beck’s cognitive theory, what does depression attribute to?
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