Dentistry and Diseases: Cardiovascular System and Infections
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of propranolol in treating hypertension?

  • Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
  • Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors (correct)
  • Stimulation of nitric oxide production
  • Inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels

    • What is the primary complication of rheumatic heart disease?

  • Cardiac myopathy
  • Cardiac hypertrophy
  • Infective endocarditis (correct)
  • Congestive heart failure

    • What is the primary indication for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with bacterial endocarditis?

  • Prior to surgery
  • Prior to cardiac catheterization
  • Prior to respiratory tract infections
  • Prior to dental procedures (correct)

    • What is the primary parameter affected in reduced blood pressure resulting from decreased preload?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between stable and unstable angina pectoris?

    <p>Reversibility with rest or nitrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of penicillin G?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of leukemia that manifests orally?

    <p>Acute Myelogenous Leukemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Erythropoietin?

    <p>Production of RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common oral manifestation of Thalassemia major?

    <p>Pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate investigation used to diagnose Leukemia?

    <p>Bone marrow biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the future occurrence of Thalassemia be minimized?

    <p>Pre-natal screening and genetic counseling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Pernicious anemia?

    <p>Vitamin B12 deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of right shift in the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>Increase in 2,3-BPG levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark feature of gram-negative motile organisms in sputum microscopy?

    <p>Motile rods with polar flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated resting alveolar ventilation from lung function tests?

    <p>2-4 L/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the mechanism by which prostaglandin inhibition leads to clinical complications in asthma treatment?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of thrombocytopenia in newborns?

    <p>Placental transfer of maternal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in alveolar changes between premature babies and healthy newborns?

    <p>Decreased alveolar surface area in premature babies</p> Signup and view all the answers

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