Diseases of CV and Lymphatic Systems Quiz

Bacterial Systemic Infections

• Syphilis:

  • Causative agent: Treponema pallidum
  • Signs and symptoms: Primary sores, rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and can cause serious complications if untreated.
  • Treatment: Antibiotics, commonly penicillin.

• Lemierre's Syndrome:

  • Causative agent: Fusobacterium necrophorum
  • Signs and symptoms: Sore throat, septic thrombophlebitis, and embolic complications affecting lungs.
  • Treatment: Antibiotics and possible surgical drainage.

• Tularemia:

  • Causative agent: Francisella tularensis
  • Signs and symptoms: Fever, skin ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, and respiratory issues.
  • Treatment: Antibiotics, typically doxycycline or streptomycin.

Distinction Between Bacteremia and Septicemia

• Bacteremia: Presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, may be transient and often resolves on its own without severe symptoms.
• Septicemia: A more severe condition with systemic infection due to bacteria released into the blood, leading to sepsis, characterized by fever, chills, and potentially life-threatening organ dysfunction.

Distinction Between Acute and Subacute Endocarditis

• Acute Endocarditis: Rapid onset, often caused by virulent organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, leading to severe symptoms such as high fever and heart murmur, and requires immediate treatment.
• Subacute Endocarditis: Slower onset, typically caused by less virulent organisms, affecting those with pre-existing heart conditions, presenting with mild and nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue and low-grade fever.

Viral Diseases

• Ebola Virus:

  • Causative agent: Ebola virus
  • Signs and symptoms: High fever, bleeding, vomiting, and diarrhea.
  • Treatment: Supportive care and antiviral treatments (e.g., monoclonal antibodies).

• Hanta Virus:

  • Causative agent: Hantavirus
  • Signs and symptoms: Fever, muscle aches, gastrointestinal symptoms, and respiratory distress.
  • Treatment: Supportive care; no specific antiviral treatment.

• West Nile Virus:

  • Causative agent: West Nile virus
  • Signs and symptoms: Fever, headache, body aches, and in severe cases, neurological complications.
  • Treatment: Supportive care; no specific antiviral treatment.

Test your knowledge on bacterial systemic infections as well as key viral diseases affecting the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. This quiz covers aspects like causative agents, symptoms, and treatments, while also distinguishing between critical categories such as bacteremia and septicemia. Perfect for students of medical sciences!