40 Questions
What is the primary factor of the tooth that makes it susceptible to dental caries, involving deep and narrow occlusal fissures?
Susceptible areas on the tooth
What is the difference between surface enamel and subsurface enamel in terms of mineralization and fluoride content?
Surface enamel is more mineralized and contains more fluoride than subsurface enamel
What type of diet is more responsible for dental caries, and why?
More refined and less fibrous foods are more responsible for dental caries because they have low clearance from the oral cavity
What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates in terms of their role in dental caries?
Simple carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, and sucrose are more cariogenic, while complex carbohydrates are less cariogenic
How does the frequency of carbohydrate intake affect the risk of dental caries?
The lower the frequency of carbohydrate intake, the lower the risk of dental caries
What is the main causative factor for dental caries, and what are its characteristics?
Streptococcus mutans (SM) is the main causative factor for dental caries, and it can adhere to tooth surfaces, produce acid, survive at low pH, and ferment sucrose to produce glucan
How does the biochemical structure of teeth affect their susceptibility to dental caries?
The biochemical structure of teeth, including the differences in mineralization and fluoride content between surface and subsurface enamel, affects their susceptibility to dental caries
What is the role of saliva in dental caries, and how does it relate to the modifying factors?
Saliva is a modifying factor that can affect the development of dental caries, as it can help neutralize acid and promote remineralization
What is the role of glucan in the process of dental caries?
Glucan assists Streptococcus mutans (SM) to adhere firmly to the tooth surface and inhibits diffusion of salivary buffers.
What is the critical pH at which the organic material of the tooth begins to dissolve?
5.5
What is the role of lysozymes, lactoferrin, and IgA in the saliva?
These components have antibacterial properties, which help in preventing the growth of bacteria that contribute to dental caries.
What is the classification of dental caries based on?
Anatomical site, lesion activity, speed of caries progression, treatment and restoration design, pathway of caries spread, extent of caries, and number of tooth surfaces involved.
What type of caries is seen on the pit and fissure surfaces of posterior teeth?
Pit and fissure caries
What is the difference between primary and recurrent caries?
Primary caries are lesions on unrestored surfaces, while recurrent caries are lesions developing adjacent to restorations.
What is the characteristic of rampant caries?
Rampant caries are suddenly appearing, widespread, and rapidly burrowing, with early involvement of the pulp.
What is the role of time in the development of dental caries?
The time period during which the principal factors are acting jointly should be adequate to produce an acidic pH that is critical for the dissolution of enamel.
What type of caries is characterized by a large cavity on the occlusal surface that no longer retains food and becomes self-cleansing?
Arrested Caries
Which class of caries involves the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth?
Class II
What is the term for the pathway of caries spread where the caries cone in enamel is large or of the same size as dentine?
Forward caries
What is the term for the initial stage of caries activity, characterized by a 'white spot' lesion that can be remineralized?
Incipient caries
Which class of caries involves the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the cusp tips of posterior teeth?
Class VI
What is the term for the spread of caries along the dentino-enamel junction (DEJ) that exceeds the caries in contiguous enamel?
Backward caries
Which class of caries involves the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth involving the incisal edge?
Class IV
What is the term for the type of caries that has become stationary or static, with no further progression?
Arrested Caries
What is the significance of caries risk assessment in dental treatment?
It allows for a better appraisal of caries activity and refinement of the treatment planning.
What is an indicator of high caries risk?
One new lesion on a smooth surface during the past 1 year.
What is a medical factor that contributes to caries risk?
Medications causing hyposalivation.
What is the role of fluoride in caries prevention?
Fluoride ions increase the resistance of hydroxyapatite in enamel and dentine to dissolution by plaque acids.
What is a dietary measure to prevent caries?
Avoiding excessive intake of sugary and sticky foods.
What is the purpose of interdental cleaning in oral hygiene?
Removal of food debris and prevention of caries.
What is the active ingredient in chlorohexidine gluconate?
It binds to the bacterial cell wall and interferes with membrane transport systems.
What is the concentration of fluoride in professional topical fluoride gel?
2,72% acidulated phosphate (12,300 ppm fluoride) or 2% Sodium fluoride gel (9,200 ppm fluoride).
What is the term used to describe the remineralization of the surface enamel due to increased fluoride exposure in patients with a low caries rate?
Occult caries
What is the term used to describe caries that extends beyond the enamel into the dentine and cannot be remineralized?
Cavitated caries
What is the characteristic of early childhood caries?
Involvement of the four maxillary deciduous incisor teeth
What is the term used to describe caries that occurs due to recession of the gingiva and decreased salivary function, commonly seen in adults?
Adult caries
What is the term used to describe caries left in a prepared cavity even after restoration has been completed?
Residual caries
What is the classification system used by the WHO to describe the shape and depth of carious lesions?
D1-D4 system
What is the term used to describe the size of the carious lesion in the Graham + Mount classification system?
Location of carious lesion
What is the anatomical site where enamel caries typically begins?
Pits and fissures
Test your knowledge on the primary and modifying factors that contribute to tooth decay, including tooth substrate, bacteria, saliva, and more. Learn how tooth position, biochemical structure, and other factors can increase the risk of dental caries.
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