Dental Calculus Classification

<p>Hard with a claylike consistency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buccal surface of maxillary molars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-calculus formers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stensen's duct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White to yellowish in color (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxyapatite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction in gingival inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes exposed only when gingival tissue recedes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subgingival calculus contains more magnesium white-lockite. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>39% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brushite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium content increases with the depth of the pocket. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not visible on routine clinical examination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through precipitation of mineral salts from saliva. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attachment is less intimate due to lower micro porosities in implants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical bonding with salivary proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plaque can become 50% mineralized within 2 days. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gingival crevicular fluid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculus can form in completely germ-free conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dental calculus is hardened dental plaque, formed by mineral salt precipitation within plaque.

Calculus attaches to teeth by organic pellicle, mechanical interlocking, close adaptation, and bacterial penetration.

Calculus attachment to implants is weaker than to teeth, due to implant surface characteristics.

Calculus formation timeline varies. Starts 4-8 hours after plaque formation in 50% in two days and mineralization is complete in 12 days. Formation of old calculus takes months-years.

Plaque mineralizes to form calculus. Early plaque has little inorganic material, while calculus has significantly more.

Saliva is the source of mineral for supra gingival calculus formation.

Gingival crevicular fluid provides the minerals for subgingival calculus formation.

Calculus can form even without microorganisms, but saliva is the main mineral source for supra-gingival calculus, and gingival crevicular fluid for sub-gingival.

Mineralized bacterial plaque found on teeth and dental prostheses.

Calculus located above the gumline, visible in the mouth.

Calculus located below the gumline. This is harder to see.

Calculus is classified based on its position relative to the gumline (supragingival or subgingival).

Maxillary molars (buccal) and mandibular incisors (lingual) are frequent spots for calculus formation.

Calculus color is affected by materials like tobacco and food pigments.

Supragingival calculus often reappears after removal, especially on lingual surfaces of mandibular incisors.

Individuals are categorized as non-calculus, slight, moderate, or heavy calculus formers based on their calculus buildup tendency.

Calculus located below the gum line, not visible during routine exams.

Evaluated by carefully feeling with dental instruments.

Hard, dense, often dark brown or greenish black.

Mostly inorganic (70-90%), primarily calcium phosphate.

Hydroxyapatite & Octacalcium phosphate are most common in calculus.

Subgingival has more magnesium-based crystals and less brushite/octacalscium phosphate than supragingival.

Removal reduces inflammation and improves probing depths.

Calcium phosphate is the major inorganic component of calculus.