Demographic Factors Influencing Terrorism
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of terrorism?

Terrorism is the unlawful use or threat of violence against persons or property to further political or social objectives.

What are the causes of terrorism?

The causes of terrorism can vary, but they often include factors such as political grievances, social inequality, religious extremism, and ideological motivations.

What are the different types of terrorism and violent groups?

There are multiple types of terrorism and violent groups, including religious terrorism, nationalist terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism, and lone-wolf terrorism.

What is the definition of terrorism?

<p>Terrorism is generally intended to intimidate or coerce a government, individuals, or groups to modify their behavior or policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of acts of terrorism?

<p>Acts of terrorism always involve the actual or intended generation of terror and psychological coercion intended to force a target audience to comply with explicitly stated demands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some direct root causes of terrorism?

<p>Absolute poverty, exclusion, social inequality, dispossession, human rights abuse, alienation, and humiliation are direct root causes of terrorism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some permissive structural factors that enable terrorism to thrive?

<p>Poor societies, weak states, lack of legitimacy and control over the economy, lack of education programs, and demographic factors are permissive structural factors that enable terrorism to thrive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some individual characteristics of terrorists?

<p>Terrorists tend to be young. There is a positive relationship between age and a consenting view toward political violence. There is a positive association between level of education and economic status and the likelihood of becoming suicide bombers. Individuals with higher education may have a higher expectation for acquiring professional advancement in terrorist groups. Educated individuals may espouse a more profound empathy and ideological or religious affinity with the organization and hence be more poised to help accomplish the goals of the organizations. There is a positive relationship between support for the use of political violence and educational level. Individuals with more advanced education are more likely to engage in terrorist attacks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between age and a consenting view toward political violence?

<p>There is a positive relationship between age and a consenting view toward political violence among terrorists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between level of education and the likelihood of becoming suicide bombers?

<p>There is a positive association between level of education and economic status and the likelihood of becoming suicide bombers among terrorists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some significant demographic conditions that can contribute to terrorist recruitment and organization?

<p>Rapid population growth, a burgeoning of young males, and uneven population shifts across different ethnic groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some psychological motives for terrorism?

<p>Desire to be regarded as special, desire to be known to target audience, desire to be vicariously approved of by members of one’s own reference group, desire to achieve personal congruence by aligning actions with ideological/religious convictions, desire to affiliate and be with others of a like mind, the experience of social and psychological isolation resulting in little interface with other views, vengeance for originally offended individuals who were perceived to have been unjustly treated by members/representatives of the target group, experience of an insult to the person’s grandiose sense of self, but not necessarily a serious personal loss in the hands of the target group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories of domestic terrorist groups?

<p>Left wing extremists, right wing extremists, and single-issue groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is agro-terrorism?

<p>Agro-terrorism is the intentional introduction of a plant pathogen, virus or another biological agent to kill crops or animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in the motivations of women and men terrorists?

<p>While men are typically motivated by power, women are more attracted to the prospect of improved living conditions and life opportunities for their children as well as addressing their needs that are not adequately met by the established political regime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of benefits that women's participation can yield for terrorist or militaristic organizations?

<ol> <li>Their skill and expertise in caregiving and auxiliary support that might be needed by the group</li> <li>Strategic advantage uniquely embedded in the imagery and social perception of feminist pacifism</li> <li>The important symbolic value embedded in motherhood and martyrdom or maternal sacrifice</li> <li>Women provide physical, emotional, and psychological solace to their male counterparts</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key reasons that might explain the increasing deployment of female suicide bombers?

<ol> <li>Women suicide terrorists capitalize and thrive on 'element of surprise'</li> <li>They can take advantage of cultural reluctance toward physical searches to evade detection</li> <li>Given their seemingly feminine facade, they are categorically perceived as gentle and non-threatening</li> <li>Further, they constitute a potentially large pool of recruits, a resource that terrorist organizations can draw from and cash in on</li> <li>Symbolically, the death of women bombers is more likely to evoke a feeling of desperation and sympathy than does the demise of male bombers, thus potently fueling the resolve for revenge</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages that female attackers have in comparison to male attackers?

<ol> <li>Women can get closer to their targets without being suspected due to cultural assumptions and less rigorous security checks</li> <li>Female attackers attract more publicity and media attention, generating greater psychological impact on the adversary or the target audience</li> <li>Symbolic participation by female militants in combat and training activities attracts more media attention compared to their male counterparts</li> <li>Female presence in militant dens is less likely to arouse public suspicion as they are assumed to be unlikely perpetrators of terrorist violence</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of acts that may be considered terrorism but do not involve violence?

<p>Mailing letters containing anthrax pores or a suspicious white powder with threatening communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the definition of terrorism been modified in recent years?

<p>The definition has been modified to include achieving a political or criminal end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of terrorism?

<p>Terrorism is the unlawful use or threat of violence against persons or property to further political or social objectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories of domestic terrorist groups?

<p>Left wing extremists, Right wing extremists, Single-issue groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is agro-terrorism?

<p>The intentional introduction of a plant pathogen, virus or another biological agent to kill crops or animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some actions taken by ecological movements?

<p>Driving spikes into trees, pouring sand into the gas tanks of vehicles, arson, and other forms of sabotage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of animal rights groups?

<p>Difficult to trace, no real leadership, decisions made by the groups, loosely organized</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some causes of terrorism related to poverty and inequality?

<p>Absolute poverty, exclusion, social inequality, horizontal inequalities, dispossession, human rights abuse, alienation, humiliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some causes of terrorism related to poor governance and corruption?

<p>Poor governance, rampant corruption, human rights abuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some causes of terrorism related to clash of values?

<p>Clash of values, perception/fear of cultural imperialism and hegemony</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some permissive structural factors that enable terrorism to thrive?

<p>Poverty of resources, poverty of prospects and choices, poverty of respect, underdevelopment, weak governance, failed states</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive association between level of education and economic status and the likelihood of becoming suicide bombers?

<p>Individuals with higher education and economic status are more likely to become suicide bombers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive relationship between support for the use of political violence and educational level?

<p>There is a positive relationship between support for the use of political violence and educational level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are individuals with more advanced education more likely to engage in terrorist attacks?

<p>Individuals with more advanced education may have higher expectations for professional advancement in terrorist groups, espouse a more profound empathy and ideological or religious affinity with the organization, and be more poised to help accomplish the goals of the organizations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some reasons that might explain the surge in women's voluntary engagement in terrorist acts?

<p>Some reasons that might explain the surge in women's voluntary engagement in terrorist acts include childhood experience, adolescent psychological trauma, the prospect of improved living conditions and life opportunities for their children, and addressing their needs that are not adequately met by the established political regime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some motivating forces that attract women's participation in terrorism?

<p>Some motivating forces that attract women's participation in terrorism include coercion, religious mandate, fear of retaliation, concerns for personal safety, and an explicit feminist agenda to improve their status in the group and society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of benefits can women's participation yield for terrorist or militaristic organizations?

<p>Women's participation can yield mainly four types of benefits for terrorist or militaristic organizations: their skill and expertise in caregiving and auxiliary support, strategic advantage uniquely embedded in the imagery and social perception of feminist pacifism, the important symbolic value embedded in motherhood and martyrdom or maternal sacrifice, and providing physical, emotional, and psychological solace to their male counterparts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some reasons that might explain the increasing deployment of female suicide bombers?

<p>Some reasons that might explain the increasing deployment of female suicide bombers include capitalizing on the element of surprise, taking advantage of cultural reluctance toward physical searches, being categorically perceived as gentle and non-threatening due to their seemingly feminine facade, constituting a potentially large pool of recruits, and the death of women bombers potently fueling the resolve for revenge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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