Dementia Risks in Minority Ethnic Groups

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which ethnic group shows a significantly higher prevalence of dementia after adjusting for age and socioeconomic status?

African-Caribbean (correct)

South Asians

White populations

East Asians

What is the increased risk factor for dementia associated with having one copy of the APOE -4 allele?

Eightyfold

Tenfold

Fivefold

Threefold (correct)

Which environmental risk factors are more common in South Asian populations compared to White populations?

High LDL and low diet diversity

Smoking and low HDL

Diet and physical inactivity

Hypertension and diabetes (correct)

In which population is the absence of the E4 allele particularly noted?

Koch tribal population in central India Signup and view all the answers

Which country has the highest potentially modifiable population-attributable fraction (PAF) for dementia, as identified in the content?

Brazil Signup and view all the answers

How does the prevalence of dementia in African Americans compare to that of White Americans?

Significantly higher incidence Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to a greater impact on dementia risk in Black populations compared to White populations?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of dementia prevalence is observed among over 60s in African-Caribbean populations?

9.6% Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes among South Asian populations regarding dementia risk?

They contribute to increased dementia risk compared to White populations. Signup and view all the answers

How does the prevalence of different alleles associated with Alzheimer's dementia vary among populations?

Alzheimer's alleles are less prevalent in East Asian populations than in European populations. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of potentially modifiable population-attributable fraction (PAF) is identified in Latin America for dementia?

58% Signup and view all the answers

In which demographic is the incidence of dementia higher, based on person years?

African American people Signup and view all the answers

What factor has been found to have a greater impact on dementia risk in Black populations compared to White populations?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of dementia among African-Caribbean participants aged over 60?

9.6% Signup and view all the answers

What environmental factor is higher in more deprived areas that also often have a higher density of minority ethnic populations?

Higher air pollution Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of the E4 allele relate to the risk of dementia among Hispanic and African American populations?

Mixed evidence exists regarding its role. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Minority Ethnic Groups and Dementia

APOE-4 increases dementia risk threefold with one copy and 8-10 fold with two copies.
High LDL cholesterol is a risk factor.

Environmental Risk Factors Across Ethnicities

Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are more common in South Asians.
Hypertension is greater in Black populations.
Negative impacts of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, low HDL, and sleep disorders on dementia risk are higher in South Asians compared to white people.
Air pollution is often higher in deprived areas with high minority ethnic density.

PAF Differences Between Countries

Latin America has 58% potentially modifiable PAF.
India and China have 42% potentially modifiable PAF.

Genetic Risk Factors Across Ethnicities

Alzheimer's dementia prevalence of different alleles varies across populations, lower in East Asians (around 40%) than Europeans (around 60%).
E4 allele absent in Koch tribe of central India, and frequency is very low in Indian populations relative to European populations.
Mixed evidence concerning APOE-E4 in Hispanics and African Americans.
No association found between APOE and dementia in older Nigerians.

Prevalence of Dementia Across Ethnicities

Approximately 7% of over 60s and 6.5% of over 65s in Western Europe have dementia.
Dementia prevalence is declining.
African-Caribbean participants with dementia are significantly younger than white counterparts.
South Asian dementia prevalence is similar or higher than the White British population.
Prevalence in USA: African Americans have a higher incidence (26.6/1000 person-years) compared to White people (19.3/1000 person-years).

Diagnosis

Dementia diagnosis tends to be later in BAME groups.
Often diagnosed in crisis situations.
Many BAME individuals are not diagnosed.
BAME individuals experience worse outcomes.

ACE Cultural Adaptations

Variability in dementia translation and cultural adaptation procedures is a concern.

Outcomes After Dementia

Black and South Asian people have a higher risk of death after a dementia diagnosis, and shorter survival times compared to White people.
Shorter survival (~3 years less) is observed after dementia diagnosis in Black and South Asian people compared to whites.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the complex relationship between dementia and various risk factors across different ethnicities. This quiz covers genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors impacting dementia prevalence in minority populations. Test your knowledge on how these factors differ worldwide.