Defining Crisis in Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What is a crisis, as defined by Webster's Dictionary?

A mild inconvenience

A permanent state of being

A feeling of ecstasy

A crucial or decisive point or situation (correct)

Why may crisis responders discount the validity of others' reactions to crisis?

Because they respond regularly to crisis situations (correct)

Because they are too emotional

Because they are not affected by crisis

Because they are not trained to respond to crisis

What is a common crisis response by victims to law enforcement?

Aggressive defiance

Passive/submission (correct)

Open communication

Active resistance

Why is positive intervention crucial during and after a crisis?

Because it increases the victim's chances of following through with safety plans Signup and view all the answers

What may a battered woman experiencing crisis exhibit?

Few visible emotions and fearfulness Signup and view all the answers

What may a victim of crisis struggle with during an interaction with a service provider?

Trouble remembering details Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of an abuser at the start of a relationship?

They equate jealousy with love Signup and view all the answers

What is a tactic used by abusers to control their partners?

Questioning their every move Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior of an abuser in a relationship?

Trying to isolate their partner Signup and view all the answers

What do abusers often expect from their partners?

To meet all of their emotional and domestic needs Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of an abusive personality?

Being overly sensitive to criticism Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior of an abuser towards children?

Expecting them to perform beyond their capability Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trait of an abuser in relationships?

They are very manipulative Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an abuser's behavior during sex?

They are very forceful Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior of an abuser in conversations?

They are very critical and hurtful Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trait of an abuser's personality?

They are very moody and explosive Signup and view all the answers

Why may a battered woman be angry or hysterical when police officers respond?

Because she is motivated by fear that the batterer will become angrier Signup and view all the answers

Why may people find it difficult to imagine why women don't leave abusive relationships?

Because love and intimacy precede the abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the definition of 'abuse' under Revised Missouri Statutes?

Assault, battery, coercion, harassment, and sexual assault Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'harassment' under Revised Missouri Statutes?

Engaging in a purposeful or knowing course of conduct involving more than one incident that alarms or causes distress to an adult or child Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered a 'family or household member' under Revised Missouri Statutes?

Spouses, former spouses, persons related by blood or marriage, persons who are presently residing together or have resided together in the past, and persons who have a child in common Signup and view all the answers

Why may a battered woman feel safe to argue with the batterer when the police arrive?

Because she believes the police cannot abuse her Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why a battered woman may not want the police to arrest the batterer?

Because she is afraid of the batterer's reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'domestic violence' under Revised Missouri Statutes?

Abuse or stalking by a family or household member Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining 'abuse' and 'domestic violence' under Revised Missouri Statutes?

To allow the recruit to learn the statutory definitions to address cases and alleged cases of domestic violence and assault Signup and view all the answers

Why may a battered woman expect the police to take her side when they arrive?

Because she expects the police to immediately take her side because she is the victim Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trait exhibited by abusive partners?

Entitlement and selfishness Signup and view all the answers

What is a tactic used by abusers to manipulate their partners?

Confusion, distortion, and lies Signup and view all the answers

What is a behavioral characteristic of abusers?

Contempt for their partner as stupid or unworthy Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason why abusers often avoid consequences for their actions?

They blame their partner or external factors Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pattern of behavior exhibited by serial batterers?

Consistently abusive behavior in each relationship Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that contributes to an individual's likelihood of becoming an abuser?

Witnessing domestic violence as a child Signup and view all the answers

What is a belief held by abusers about their partners?

Their partners are obligated to obey them Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of entitlement in abusive relationships?

Justification of violence as self-defense Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior exhibited by abusers during arguments?

Using force or physical restraint Signup and view all the answers

What is a common attitude held by abusers about their behavior?

Denying, minimizing, or blaming their partner Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of emotional abuse?

Calling her names and making her feel bad about herself Signup and view all the answers

What is a tactic of economic abuse?

Controlling her access to money and resources Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of sexual abuse?

Making her do sexual things against her will Signup and view all the answers

What is a form of intimidation?

Using loud voice and gestures to intimidate Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior of an abuser?

Treating her like a servant and making all the 'big' decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a tactic of using male privilege?

Treating her like a servant and acting like the 'master of the castle' Signup and view all the answers

What do children of battered women often feel guilty about?

Not being able to stop the abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is a common physical effect of domestic violence on children?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Why do children of battered women often worry?

They are afraid of their mother being killed Signup and view all the answers

What is a behavioral impact of domestic violence on children?

They exhibit all of the above behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor contributing to teenage runaways?

Abuse at home Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of emotional abuse?

Ridiculing partner's beliefs Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in battering, according to the theory that battering is a learned behavioral choice?

A person's belief in male dominance Signup and view all the answers

What is the center of the Power and Control Wheel?

The abuser's need for power and control Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of victims of battering?

Low self-esteem Signup and view all the answers

What is a traditional attitude that may be held by victims of battering?

Belief that it is her job to make a happy home Signup and view all the answers

What do spokes of the Power and Control Wheel represent?

The different forms of abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of growing up in a violent home for males?

They are more likely to be abusers as adults Signup and view all the answers

What is a common religious and cultural belief that may perpetuate domestic violence?

The need to endure abuse for the sake of the family Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of sexual abuse?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feeling experienced by victims of battering?

Guilt Signup and view all the answers

What is a common myth about domestic violence?

That it is the victim's fault Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of batterers?

Personality disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about batterers?

That they are often mentally ill Signup and view all the answers

What is a common result of living in an abusive situation?

Low self-esteem Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in dealing with batterers effectively?

Intensive training and coordination Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior of a battered woman due to isolation, economic dependence, and emotional abuse?

She becomes very dependent on the batterer to fulfill her emotional needs. Signup and view all the answers

Why does a battered woman often minimize and deny the violence?

Because it's hard to believe someone who loves her would do this. Signup and view all the answers

What does a battered woman often believe about her role in the violence?

That she is responsible for the batterer's actions. Signup and view all the answers

What physical symptoms may a battered woman experience due to stress reactions?

Fatigue, restlessness, sleep disruption, and headaches. Signup and view all the answers

Why does a battered woman often believe that no one can help her?

Because the batterer has successfully followed through on his threats. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common belief held by a battered woman about the batterer's behavior?

That he will change if she can find the 'real cause' of his violence. Signup and view all the answers

What may a battered woman do to try to control her environment and avoid the batterer's violence?

Try to make changes in herself to stop the violence. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common strategy used by the batterer to maintain control over the battered woman?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence for a battered woman who tries to defend herself?

She will rarely win the physical fight and there will be consequences for her. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common belief held by society about the battered woman and the batterer?

The battered woman must have done something to provoke the violence. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition of Crisis

A crisis is a crucial or decisive point or situation that exceeds a person's current resources and coping mechanisms.
A crisis is a perception or experience of an event or situation as an intolerable difficulty that exceeds a person's current resources and coping mechanisms.

Crisis Response by Victims of Domestic Violence

Two common crisis responses by victims of domestic violence:
- Passive/submission: feeling incapable of making decisions, appearing disoriented and scattered, and experiencing trouble remembering details.
- Anger/rebellion: being very angry and/or hysterical, yelling, swearing, and blaming the police officers who respond.

Domestic Violence

Definition: abuse or stalking by a family or household member.
Includes acts, attempts, or threats of:
- Assault
- Battery
- Coercion
- Harassment
- Sexual assault
- Unlawful imprisonment

Characteristics of a Batterer

Jealousy and control
Unrealistic expectations
Quick involvement
Isolation
Blaming others for problems and feelings
Hypersensitivity
Cruelty to animals or children
"Playful" use of force in sex
Verbal abuse
Rigid sex roles
Dual personality
Past battering
Threats of violence
Breaking or striking objects
Force during arguments
Entitlement
Selfishness and self-centeredness
Superiority
Possessiveness
Confusing love and abuse
Manipulativeness
Contradictory statements and behaviors
Externalization of responsibility
Denial, minimization, and victim blaming

Causes of Battering

Power and control
Learned behavioral choice
Cultural belief in male superiority
Personality disorders

Characteristics of Victims

Low self-esteem
Traditional attitudes
Religious and cultural beliefs
Guilt
Dependent behavior
Minimization
Feeling responsible for punishment
Stress reactions
Believing no one can help### Tactics of Domestic Abusers
Abusers use various tactics to control and manipulate their victims, including threats to take children, get them fired, and making them feel like no one will believe them.
They may also use emotional manipulation, making their victims feel guilty, anxious, and responsible for the abuse.

Effects of Domestic Violence on Children

Children of battered women often take responsibility for the abuse, feeling guilty for not being able to stop it.
They may experience constant anxiety, fear of abandonment, and stress-related illnesses.
Behavioral impacts include aggression, anger, and difficulty controlling their behavior, or becoming passive and withdrawn.
Boys who witness domestic violence are more likely to become abusers as adults.

Emotional Abuse

Elements of emotional abuse include:
- Ignoring partner's feelings
- Ridiculing or insulting partner's beliefs
- Withholding approval or affection
- Criticizing or insulting partner
- Humiliating partner in public or private
- Refusing to socialize with partner
- Threatening to leave or hurt partner's family and friends

Physical Abuse

Elements of physical abuse include:
- Pushing, shoving, or restraining partner
- Slapping, biting, kicking, or choking partner
- Hitting or punching partner
- Throwing objects at partner
- Locking partner in or out of the house
- Abandoning partner in a dangerous place
- Refusing to aid a sick partner

Sexual Abuse

Elements of sexual abuse include:
- Treating partner as a sex object
- Forcing partner to dress in a sexual way
- Minimizing partner's feelings about sex
- Criticizing partner's sexual performance
- Withholding sex or affection as punishment
- Forcing partner to strip or engage in unwanted sexual acts
- Committing sadistic sexual acts

Power and Control Wheel

The center of the wheel represents the batterer's need for power and control.
The spokes of the wheel represent various forms of abuse, including:
- Isolation
- Emotional abuse
- Economic abuse
- Sexual abuse
- Physical abuse
The outside ring represents the physical abuse and threats used to enforce control.

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Description

Explore the concept of crisis, its definition, and how it is perceived by individuals and responders. Learn about the differences in crisis experiences and reactions.