Deadlocks in Network and Disk Sharing
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of deadlock in a computer system?

  • Jobs get blocked from resources and prevented from execution
  • Jobs are placed in the HOLD state
  • All system resources become unavailable (correct)
  • Infinite postponement of job

    • How is starvation different from deadlock?

  • Starvation is resolved via external intervention, while deadlock is resolved by infinite postponement of job
  • Starvation is caused by jobs waiting for unavailable vital resources, while deadlock involves jobs waiting for resources being held by another job
  • Starvation affects only a few programs, while deadlock affects the entire system (correct)
  • Starvation quickly becomes critical in real-time systems, while deadlock affects more than one job

    • Which of the following is an example of nonsharable/nonpreemptable resources that can lead to deadlock?

  • Real-time systems
  • Spooling
  • Databases (correct)
  • Interactive systems

    • In what way do deadlocks affect real-time systems differently from interactive systems?

    <p>Deadlocks quickly become critical in real-time systems, affecting more than one job</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between starvation and deadlock?

    <p>Starvation affects only a few programs, while deadlock leads to all system resources becoming unavailable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of disk sharing, what is a characteristic of deadlocks in multiple device allocation?

    <p>Two programs need two tape drives each, but there are only two tape drives in the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of deadlocks in databases?

    <p>One user locks out all other users while working with the database.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when locking is not used in a database?

    <p>It causes an incorrect final version of data depending on the process execution order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the spooling system fills the disk space area in a spooling deadlock?

    <p>No single job has the entire print output in the spool area, resulting in partially completed output for all jobs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of not resolving deadlocks in disk sharing?

    <p>Results in partially completed output for all jobs and incorrect final version of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Case 1, what is the deadlock sequence involving programs P1 and P2 and files F1 and F2?

    <p>P1 has access to F1 F2 and also requires F2 F1; P2 has access to F2 F1 and also requires F1 F2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of deadlock in Case 2 involving database records?

    <p>P1 accesses R1 and locks it; P2 accesses R2 and locks it; P1 requests R2 but locked by P2; P2 requests R1 but locked by P1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deadlock sequence in Case 3 involving limited number of dedicated devices?

    <p>P1 requests tape drive 1 and gets it; P2 requests tape drive 2 and gets it; P1 requests tape drive 2 but blocked; P2 requests tape drive 1 but blocked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Case 4, what is the deadlock sequence involving programs P1, P2, and P3, and dedicated devices (tape drive, printer, plotter)?

    <p>P1 requests and gets tape drive; P2 requests and gets printer; P3 requests and gets the plotter; P1 requests printer but blocked; P2 requests plotter but blocked; P3 requests tape drive but blocked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deadlock occurs in the scenario where the spooling system fills disk space with incomplete print output for all jobs?

    <p>Deadlocks in spooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT required for a deadlock to occur?

    <p>Interrupt-driven I/O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of disk sharing, what is a characteristic of deadlocks related to resource holding?

    <p>Holding resource and not releasing it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a deadlock be resolved?

    <p>By preemption of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the scenario involving seven computers on a network, what leads to the deadlock sequence?

    <p>Limited buffer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between deadlock and livelock in a computer system?

    <p>Continuous execution without progress in livelock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is necessary for deadlock to occur in a computer system?

    <p>Circular Wait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strategy for handling deadlocks that involves avoiding deadlock if it becomes probable?

    <p>Avoidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can deadlock be prevented by ensuring that resources are never assigned exclusively to a single process?

    <p>Preempting resources from processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of modeling deadlocks using directed graphs, what does a cycle in the graph represent?

    <p>Processes waiting for resources held by each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scenario where there is no deadlock because resources are released before the next process request?

    <p>Scenario one</p> Signup and view all the answers

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