Database Design and Data Structures Quiz

Database Design

• Composite keys do not contain unique information. A composite key is a column composed of unique pieces of information. (b is correct)
• Database design steps include investigating, creating tables, and creating relationships. Adding data comes later. (c is incorrect)
• When creating a table in SQL you must specify whether a column can accept a NULL value or not. (a is correct)
• SQL INSERT INTO can add multiple records in one statement. (a is correct)
• SQL SELECT statements return data by default in an undefined order, nor in descending or ascending order. (b is correct)
• SQL ORDER BY is used to sort data. (a is correct)

Data Structures (Arrays)

• An array is a collection of contiguous memory locations. (a is correct)
• Array elements are accessed using an index or subscript. (c is correct)
• A single array can hold different data types. (b is correct)
• char[] aAnswers = new char declares an array; it does not specify memory locations 1 through 5. (b is correct)
• An offset specifies the distance between adjacent memory locations in an array. (a is correct)
• Arrays are suitable for static data, not dynamic data. (b is correct)

Data Structures (Stacks and Queues)

• A stack follows a LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) structure. (a is correct)
• A queue follows a FIFO (First-In, First-Out) structure. (a is correct)
• LIFO stands for Last-In, First-Out. (b is correct)
• FIFO stands for First-In, First-Out. (a is correct)

File Systems

• File system responsibilities include creating, manipulating, renaming, and copying files. (e is incorrect)
• Sectors are not made up of clusters. (b is correct)
• FAT files use non-contiguous memory storage. (a is correct)
• FAT32 allows the largest volume size among the FAT formats. (c is correct)
• Disk Defragmenter reorganizes clusters to minimize drive head movement. (a is correct)
• NTFS supports file access rights and journaling and file encryption. (b is correct)
• An advantage of NTFS is efficient disk usage, not small volumes. (c is incorrect)
• Linux file systems include XFS, JFS, and ext3, but not HFS+. (a is incorrect)

Hashing

• The hashing key is determined by dividing the greatest possible launch number by the number of expected launches( not 5000000). (b is correct)
• if the launch is 80,000, the relative record is determined by dividing 80000 by 20. (b is correct)

Programming Languages

• Languages like Ada, C++, and Java are high-level programming languages. (b and c are incorrect)
• A compiler converts source code into a computer executable file. (a is correct)
• An interpreter translates source code statement by statement. (b is correct)
• Pseudocode is written before source code to guide program development and to illustrate logic. (b is correct)
• Programming languages include low-level, assembly, high-level and machine. (e is incorrect)
• Computers only understand binary code (1s and 0s). (a is correct)
• Not all languages have an IDE included (integrated development environment). (b is incorrect)

Programming Fundamentals

• Variable names identify specific memory locations and values. (a is correct)
• 5 + 2 * 4 - 2 = 11 (b is correct)
• 5 % 4 + 3 - 2= 2. (a is correct)
• Post-increment operator first processes the statement and then increments. (b is incorrect)
• Pre-increment operator first increments and then processes the statement. (a is correct)
• Control structures include invocation, top-down, and selection, but algorithms are not a control structure. (c is incorrect)
• End users need/require to be involved throughout the design process for program development.. (a is correct)
• Software engineering tasks include communicating with clients, designing screens, writing the application, and creating design documents. (e is incorrect)
• Design documents are blueprints for application functionality. (b is correct)
• The SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) involves feasibility studies, software design, and other steps (listed in the question). (d is incorrect)
• Waterfall, evolution, spiral, and incremental are valid software development models. Degradation is not. (b is incorrect).
• UML assists in creating visual models of application functionality. (a is incorrect)

Software Development Practices

• A good program requires user involvement, initial requirements capture, iterative development and testing, not just writing and delivering. (a is incorrect)
• A data dictionary documents data types. (b is correct)
• Active user participation in design, including screen and report design, is highly recommended. (a is correct)
• A flowchart is a visual model of a program's logic. (a is correct)
• A prototype is a simplified version of a program. (b is correct)
• A design document should include project objectives, requirements, and feasibility but not cost analysis for general use. (b and c are incorrect)
• Scope creep is undesirable in project development, not necessary. (b is incorrect)
• End users who report bugs should be helped to understand why, not given training intended to stop the user from reporting issues. (a is incorrect)
• Testers are crucial. Project delays should not result in their elimination (in the priority ordering). (a is incorrect)

Test your knowledge on database design principles and data structures like arrays. This quiz covers essential concepts such as composite keys, SQL commands, and array characteristics. Perfect for students studying computer science or related fields.