Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Unit 8 Outline
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Questions and Answers

What does the Theory of Evolution explain?

  • The structure of DNA
  • The formation of galaxies
  • The diversity of life on Earth (correct)
  • The origin of life on Earth

What is a scientific theory?

  • An unproven hypothesis
  • An explanation supported by evidence and testable (correct)
  • A mystical belief
  • A guess with no evidence

What did Charles Darwin do during his trip on the Beagle?

  • Studied galaxies and stars
  • Wrote poetry about nature
  • Made many observations and collected evidence (correct)
  • Discovered a new species of fish

What did Darwin collect that are preserved remains of ancient organisms?

<p>Fossils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin observe about the traits of organisms on the Galápagos Islands?

<p>They varied from island to island (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced Darwin the most during his observations on the Galápagos Islands?

<p>The traits of animals on different islands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin observe about the diversity of organisms?

<p>Tremendous diversity of organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Darwin wonder why some fossils represented by the __________ had disappeared?

<p>Extinct species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were traits like shell shapes that varied from island to island an example of?

<p>Inherited characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Evolution' refer to in the context provided?

<p>The process by which modern organisms descended from ancient ones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did most Europeans in Darwin's day believe about the age of the Earth?

<p>It had been created just a few thousand years earlier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Thomas Malthus, what would happen if the human population continued to grow rapidly?

<p>It would run out of living space and food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lamarck propose about organisms and evolution?

<p>Organisms are constantly striving to improve themselves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does Darwin argue that species are descended from?

<p>Previous species with modification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of evolution results in isolated populations of a species evolving independently?

<p>Divergent evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues?

<p>Homologous structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adaptive radiation refer to?

<p>When diverse species evolve from a common ancestor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main evidence provided by similarities in embryology among animals?

<p>They share a common ancestor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for individual differences within a species that increase the population's chance of survival?

<p>Variations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of selection involves animal breeders selecting only animals with desirable traits for breeding?

<p>Artificial selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms?

<p>Evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an explanation of natural events that is supported by evidence and can be tested?

<p>Scientific theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin collect that are the preserved remains of ancient organisms?

<p>Fossils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Darwin wonder why some fossils represented by the ____________ had disappeared?

<p>Largest organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin notice about many plants and animals during his observations?

<p>They were very well suited to their environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin observe about the traits of organisms on the Galápagos Islands?

<p>They varied from island to island (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced Darwin the most during his observations on the Galápagos Islands?

<p>Variation in shell shapes of tortoises (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin wonder about animals living on different islands of the Galápagos?

<p>If they had once been members of different species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evolution involves isolated populations of a species evolving independently?

<p>Divergent evolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin observe about the diversity of organisms?

<p>There was tremendous diversity of organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did most Europeans in Darwin's day believe about the age of the Earth?

<p>It had been created thousands of years earlier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Jean-Baptiste Lamarck propose about organisms constantly striving to improve themselves?

<p>Tendency Toward Perfection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main evidence provided by homologous body structures?

<p>Different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When isolated populations of a species evolve independently, what type of evolution is observed?

<p>Divergent Evolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Charles Darwin argue was the process responsible for species alive today?

<p>Evolution by Natural Selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Theory of Evolution explain regarding individuals best suited to their environment?

<p>Survival of the Fittest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process results in different species with different ancestors developing similar characteristics?

<p>Convergent Evolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as individual differences within a species that increase a population’s chance of survival?

<p><strong>Adaptations</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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