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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?
- To activate lymphocytes and macrophages (correct)
- To form a barrier against pathogens (correct)
- To act as structural proteins within cells
- To produce energy for cell functions
Which statement best describes the molecular weight of cytokines?
Which statement best describes the molecular weight of cytokines?
- They have a high molecular weight, typically over 100 kDa.
- They are low molecular weight proteins, around 5-20 kDa. (correct)
- They are primarily composed of nucleic acids.
- They vary greatly in size, with some exceeding 50 kDa.
Which cells primarily produce cytokines?
Which cells primarily produce cytokines?
- Neurons
- Leucocytes (correct)
- Fibroblasts
- Adipocytes
What does the prefix 'cyto' in cytokine refer to?
What does the prefix 'cyto' in cytokine refer to?
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Cytokines play a role in which of the following physiological processes?
Cytokines play a role in which of the following physiological processes?
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Study Notes
Definition of Cytokines
- Cytokines are low molecular weight soluble proteins, typically ranging from 5 to 20 kDa.
- These polypeptides are primarily produced by leukocytes (white blood cells).
Function of Cytokines
- Their main role is to activate various immune cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages.
- Cytokines can also influence other cell types, such as endothelial and epithelial cells, particularly during immune responses.
Role in the Immune System
- Cytokines mediate and regulate immune responses and inflammation.
- They are critical for coordinating the activities of the immune system when responding to infectious agents and other antigens.
Etymology
- The term "cytokines" combines two Greek words:
- "cyto," meaning cell
- "kinos," meaning movement
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Description
Learn about cytokines, low molecular weight proteins produced by leukocytes, and their role in activating immune cells and influencing other cell types. Understand their function and importance in the immune system.
