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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?
- To activate lymphocytes and macrophages (correct)
- To form a barrier against pathogens (correct)
- To act as structural proteins within cells
- To produce energy for cell functions
Which statement best describes the molecular weight of cytokines?
Which statement best describes the molecular weight of cytokines?
- They have a high molecular weight, typically over 100 kDa.
- They are low molecular weight proteins, around 5-20 kDa. (correct)
- They are primarily composed of nucleic acids.
- They vary greatly in size, with some exceeding 50 kDa.
Which cells primarily produce cytokines?
Which cells primarily produce cytokines?
- Neurons
- Leucocytes (correct)
- Fibroblasts
- Adipocytes
What does the prefix 'cyto' in cytokine refer to?
What does the prefix 'cyto' in cytokine refer to?
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Cytokines play a role in which of the following physiological processes?
Cytokines play a role in which of the following physiological processes?
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Study Notes
Definition of Cytokines
- Cytokines are low molecular weight soluble proteins, typically ranging from 5 to 20 kDa.
- These polypeptides are primarily produced by leukocytes (white blood cells).
Function of Cytokines
- Their main role is to activate various immune cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages.
- Cytokines can also influence other cell types, such as endothelial and epithelial cells, particularly during immune responses.
Role in the Immune System
- Cytokines mediate and regulate immune responses and inflammation.
- They are critical for coordinating the activities of the immune system when responding to infectious agents and other antigens.
Etymology
- The term "cytokines" combines two Greek words:
- "cyto," meaning cell
- "kinos," meaning movement
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