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Questions and Answers
Which type of action of cytokines affects multiple cell types?
Which type of action of cytokines affects multiple cell types?
What type of cytokine action involves competing actions?
What type of cytokine action involves competing actions?
Which cells are responsible for cytokine generation in adaptive immunity?
Which cells are responsible for cytokine generation in adaptive immunity?
What is the characteristic of cytokines/hormones compared to growth factors?
What is the characteristic of cytokines/hormones compared to growth factors?
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How are cytokines classified based on structural studies?
How are cytokines classified based on structural studies?
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Study Notes
Cytokine Action
- Pleiotropy is a type of cytokine action that affects multiple cell types.
- Antagonism is where cytokines have opposing actions on the same cell.
- Redundancy occurs when multiple cytokines have similar effects on the same cell.
Cytokine Generation in Adaptive Immunity
- T lymphocytes (T cells) are the primary cell type responsible for cytokine generation in adaptive immunity.
- Macrophages are another source of cytokines.
Cytokine Characteristics
- Cytokines and hormones are characterized by acting at low concentrations.
- Growth Factors act in high concentrations.
Cytokine Classification
- Cytokines can be classified based on their structural similarity.
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Four families of cytokines have been identified.
- The hematopoietin family contains cytokines with similar alpha-helical structures.
- The interferon family is composed of cytokines with similar structures.
- The chemokine family comprises cytokines with similar structures.
- The tumor necrosis factor family includes cytokines that have trimeric structures.
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Description
Test your knowledge about cytokines with this quiz on Dr. Asha Eapen's learning objectives. Explore the actions, classification, and roles of cytokines in signal transduction, hematopoiesis, class switching, and extravasation. Sharpen your understanding of these low molecular weight regulatory proteins or glycoproteins secreted by white blood cells.
