Culture Change and Women's Rights Quiz

Culture and Micro-Aggression

• Micro-aggression refers to adverse racial slights and insults that can harm individuals or groups psychologically.
• Culture can change without waiting for genetic mutation to manifest, especially when its system of meaning is no longer conducive to human flourishing.

Women's Ways of Knowing

• Women are often given the responsibility of universal caregivers in all communities.
• Girls learn through association and connectedness, whereas boys learn to be men by dissociating from their mother's roles.
• Women learn through empathy, whereas men learn by separating themselves from one another.

Types of Knowledge

• Receive knowledge: listening to the voices of others.
• Subjective knowledge: the quest for self and the inner voice.
• Procedural knowledge: a voice of reason and separate and connected knowing.
• Constructed knowledge: integrating the voices.

Gender Stereotypes

• Four types of gender stereotypes:
  • Sex stereotypes
  • Sexual stereotypes
  • Sex-role stereotypes
  • Compounded stereotypes

Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE)

• Sexual orientation covers the three dimensions of sexuality: sexual attraction, sexual behavior, and sexual fantasies.
• Emotional preference, social preference, and self-identification are aspects of sexual orientation.
• LGBTQIA groups are defined by their SOGIE, outside of heteronormativity.

Gender Issues

• Sexism: prejudice against sex, leading to persecution of women and LGBT people in a patriarchal culture.
• Gender equality: a state's acknowledgment that all human beings can live in equal conditions and realize their full potential.

Culture and Rationality

• Culture: the display of rationality, system of symbols that give meaning to experience, and shortcuts for meaningful interpretations and responses.
• Instinct: humans are not dependent, innate, and fixed patterns of animal behavior.

Leveling Off Sexuality and Gender

• Sex: physiological characteristics that define humans as male or female, considered as the act of reproduction (copulation).
• Gender: a taught social behavior linked to one's sex, sets one's tasks, responsibilities, attitudes, etc. in male-female relationships.

Determinants of Sex

• Female: vagina, clitoris, uterus, ovaries, XX chromosomes, estrogen, progesterone hormones, and eggs fertilized.
• Male: penis, scrotum, testes, XY chromosomes, androgen, testosterone hormones, and sperm cell.

Gender Identity and Expression

• Gender identity: internal sense of being male, female, or another gender.
• Gender expression: how a person expresses their gender and how their gender identity is conveyed to others by behavior, voice, or physical characteristics.
• Gender roles: include careers, dating expectations, and household chores, and are not fixed; changes over time, culture to culture, and learned or acquired.