CSMA/CD and Controlled Access Protocols Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main task of Multiple Access Protocols?

  • Ignore collisions to save bandwidth
  • Minimize collisions to utilize bandwidth (correct)
  • Amplify collisions to share bandwidth
  • Maximize collisions to improve bandwidth

    • Which layer is responsible for error and flow control in the data link layer?

  • Multiple Access Control (MAC) Control
  • Medium Access Control (MAC)
  • Broadcast link
  • Link Layer Control (LLC) (correct)

    • What is the purpose of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols?

  • Isolate nodes from accessing the shared link
  • Assign dedicated links to each node
  • Increase collisions on the shared link
  • Coordinate the access of multiple nodes to a shared link (correct)

    • What is the role of the MAC Control sublayer in the data link layer?

    <p>Manages medium access coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'throughput' refer to in networking?

    <p>Amount of data moved successfully in a given time period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the propagation delay defined in networking?

    <p>Amount of time for signal to travel from sender to receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem arises when two or more nodes transmit at the same time in a broadcast link?

    <p>Frames collide and link bandwidth is wasted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>Transmission medium is divided into separate frequency bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>The entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>One channel carries all transmissions simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) use to share the bandwidth capacity?

    <p>Time slots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does FDMA assign the transmission frequency?

    <p>Fixed sending frequency to a transmission channel between a sender and a receiver for a certain amount of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of a node in FDMA?

    <p>A node is limited to an average rate even when it is the only node with frame to be sent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of CDMA data transmission?

    <p>Each station codes its data signal by specific codes before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes TDMA from FDMA and CDMA in terms of bandwidth sharing?

    <p>The entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used by CDMA stations to recover the data for the desired station?

    <p>The stations receivers use specific codes to recover the data for the desired station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Multiple Access Control (MAC) protocols?

    <p>Minimizing collisions to utilize bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer in the data link layer?

    <p>Coordinating the transmission of active nodes and minimizing collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'throughput' refer to in networking?

    <p>The amount of data moved successfully in a given time period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the propagation delay defined in networking?

    <p>The amount of time it takes for the signal to travel from sender to receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>Divides time into slots for individual node transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Link Layer Control (LLC) in the data link layer?

    <p>Responsible for error and flow control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of a node in FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>Restricted to a specific frequency band for transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol divides time into slots equal to frame transmission time?

    <p>Slotted ALOHA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vulnerable time for CSMA?

    <p>Maximum propagation delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of 1-Persistent CSMA protocol?

    <p>Avoiding idle channel time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Non-Persistent CSMA protocol?

    <p>To sense the medium and wait a random amount of time if it's busy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ALOHA network do whenever there's a packet to transmit?

    <p>Transmits on the same radio channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CSMA protocol before transmitting?

    <p>Listen to the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum propagation delay in networking?

    <p>The time taken for a bit of a frame to travel between the two most widely separated stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>Transmission medium is divided into M separate frequency bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes TDMA from FDMA and CDMA in terms of bandwidth sharing?

    <p>Entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>One channel carries all transmissions simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of a node in FDMA?

    <p>Node is limited to an average rate even when it is the only node with frame to be sent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) share the bandwidth capacity?

    <p>Entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used by CDMA stations to recover the data for the desired station?

    <p>Each station codes its data signal by specific codes before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>The entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>One channel carries all transmissions simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) use to assign the fixed sending frequency to a transmission channel?

    <p>Transmission medium is divided into M separate frequency bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>The entire bandwidth capacity is a single channel with its capacity shared in time between M stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In CSMA/CD, what happens if a collision is detected during transmission?

    <p>The sender aborts transmission, transmits a jam signal, and waits for a random amount of time before retransmitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of Controlled Access or Scheduling protocols over CSMA/CD?

    <p>They provide fair access to the shared medium and eliminate collisions completely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method does the Reservation Access Method use to organize transmissions?

    <p>Stations take turns transmitting frames at a full rate and make reservations in minislots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Polling method in Controlled Access protocols?

    <p>Centralized or distributed coordination of data exchanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of Token-Passing network method?

    <p>Stations listen to arriving bits in the listen state and transmit frames after capturing a free token</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Channelization in multiple-access methods?

    <p>To share the available bandwidth of a link in time, frequency, or through code between different stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) share the channel's bandwidth?

    <p>It shares the channel in time slots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol requires stations to use a random retransmission time to avoid collisions?

    <p>Pure ALOHA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol require stations to do before transmitting?

    <p>Listen to the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum propagation delay?

    <p>Time for a bit of a frame to travel between the two most widely separated stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Non-Persistent CSMA protocol involve when the medium is busy?

    <p>Sensing the medium and waiting a random amount of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vulnerable time for CSMA?

    <p>Maximum propagation time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 1-Persistent CSMA protocol aim to avoid?

    <p>Idle channel time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do different types of CSMA protocols determine?

    <p>Station behavior when the medium is idle and busy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) over CSMA?

    <p>To detect collisions during transmission and reduce channel wastage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum propagation delay for detecting a collision in CSMA/CD?

    <p>Twice the maximum propagation delay of the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method does the Reservation Access Method use to organize transmissions?

    <p>Stations take turns transmitting frames at a full rate and make reservations in minislots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)?

    <p>Assigns a frequency to a transmission channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) use to share the channel's bandwidth?

    <p>Time slots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Multiple Access Control (MAC) protocols?

    <p>To coordinate access to the shared medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of Controlled Access or Scheduling protocols over CSMA/CD?

    <p>They eliminate collisions completely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vulnerable time for pure ALOHA protocol?

    <p>$2T_{fr}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum throughput for slotted ALOHA?

    <p>$G = 1$ which is 37%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of ALOHA protocols?

    <p>A node can transmit continuously at the full rate of the channel if it is the only node with frames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vulnerable time for CSMA protocol?

    <p>The maximum propagation time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 1-persistent CSMA protocol do to avoid idle channel time?

    <p>Listens to the medium and transmits if idle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the maximum throughput for pure ALOHA?

    <p>G = 1/2 which is 18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of ALOHA protocols?

    <p>If multiple nodes want to transmit, many collisions can occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of P-persistent CSMA over non-persistent CSMA?

    <p>Reduces the possibility of collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In CSMA/CD, what does a station do if a collision is detected during transmission?

    <p>Abort transmission, transmit a jam signal, backoff, and retransmit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the restriction for CSMA/CD regarding packet transmission time and collision detection?

    <p>Packet transmission time should be at least as long as the time needed to detect a collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Poll frame in the centralized polling access method?

    <p>To ask if secondary stations have data to send</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a station in a Token-Passing network when in the transmit state?

    <p>Capture a free token and transmit frames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) assign to a transmission channel?

    <p>A frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) over FDMA?

    <p>More efficient use of available bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CSMA/CD and Controlled Access Protocols

    • CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) overcomes the inefficiency of CSMA by detecting collisions during transmission and reducing channel wastage.
    • CSMA/CD is widely used for bus topology LANs, such as IEEE 802.3 Ethernet.
    • If a collision is detected during transmission in CSMA/CD, the sender aborts transmission, transmits a jam signal to notify other stations, and then waits for a random amount of time before retransmitting the frame.
    • The time it takes to detect a collision in CSMA/CD is at most twice the maximum propagation delay of the medium.
    • The packet transmission time in CSMA/CD should be at least as long as the time needed to detect a collision to have an advantage over CSMA.
    • Controlled Access or Scheduling protocols provide fair access to the shared medium and eliminate collisions completely.
    • There are three methods for controlled access: Reservation, Polling, and Token Passing.
    • In the Reservation Access Method, stations take turns transmitting frames at a full rate and make reservations in minislots to organize transmissions.
    • Polling can be centralized or distributed, with the primary station coordinating data exchanges and asking secondary stations for data.
    • Token-Passing network involves stations listening to arriving bits in the listen state and transmitting frames after capturing a free token in the transmit state.
    • Channelization is a multiple-access method for sharing the available bandwidth of a link in time, frequency, or through code, between different stations.
    • FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) assigns a frequency to a transmission channel, while TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) shares the channel in time slots.

    CSMA/CD and Controlled Access Protocols

    • CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) overcomes the inefficiency of CSMA by detecting collisions during transmission and reducing channel wastage.
    • CSMA/CD is widely used for bus topology LANs, such as IEEE 802.3 Ethernet.
    • If a collision is detected during transmission in CSMA/CD, the sender aborts transmission, transmits a jam signal to notify other stations, and then waits for a random amount of time before retransmitting the frame.
    • The time it takes to detect a collision in CSMA/CD is at most twice the maximum propagation delay of the medium.
    • The packet transmission time in CSMA/CD should be at least as long as the time needed to detect a collision to have an advantage over CSMA.
    • Controlled Access or Scheduling protocols provide fair access to the shared medium and eliminate collisions completely.
    • There are three methods for controlled access: Reservation, Polling, and Token Passing.
    • In the Reservation Access Method, stations take turns transmitting frames at a full rate and make reservations in minislots to organize transmissions.
    • Polling can be centralized or distributed, with the primary station coordinating data exchanges and asking secondary stations for data.
    • Token-Passing network involves stations listening to arriving bits in the listen state and transmitting frames after capturing a free token in the transmit state.
    • Channelization is a multiple-access method for sharing the available bandwidth of a link in time, frequency, or through code, between different stations.
    • FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) assigns a frequency to a transmission channel, while TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) shares the channel in time slots.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of CSMA/CD and Controlled Access Protocols with this quiz. Explore the concepts of collision detection, jam signals, and fair access methods such as Reservation, Polling, and Token Passing. Gain insights into multiple-access methods like FDMA and TDMA for efficient bandwidth sharing.

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