CSC 1061 Data Structure: Bag Static Array
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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of static arrays?

  • They are stored on the stack part of memory. (correct)
  • They can dynamically change size during runtime.
  • They can use negative indexing.
  • They store elements of different data types.

    • Which of the following is true regarding the indexing of arrays?

  • Array indexing starts from 1.
  • Arrays can have flexible indexing depending on the data type.
  • Array indexing begins at 0. (correct)
  • The index of an array can be negative.

    • What does Big-O notation primarily evaluate?

  • The efficiency of an algorithm in terms of time complexity. (correct)
  • The memory usage of an algorithm directly.
  • The ease of understanding the algorithm.
  • The exact number of steps an algorithm takes.

    • Which of the following data structures is NOT included in the covered list this semester?

    <p>Dictionary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the rules for arrays mentioned?

    <p>Arrays must store elements of the same data type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In algorithm analysis, what is the focus of the Big-O notation?

    <p>The performance of an algorithm relative to input size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of data structures?

    <p>Specialized means of organizing and storing data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be checked to prevent index-out-of-bounds errors when using a fixed size array?

    <p>The index must be less than the size of the data member</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the size data member initialized in the ImportantDates class?

    <p>size is initialized to 0 to indicate an empty data structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function accurately tracks the capacity of the data structure?

    <p>getSize()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the result of calling clearAll() method in the Bag ADT?

    <p>It sets the size member to the initial value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the operator[] function generally do in the context of arrays?

    <p>It retrieves elements or allows modification of array elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes a Bag Data Structure?

    <p>An unordered collection of values that may have duplicates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the size of a Bag Data Structure?

    <p>It has a fixed maximum capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function has the best Big-O efficiency for finding an item in the Bag?

    <p>BigO(1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does one check if a Bag is empty?

    <p>By using a specific function to check emptiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the time complexity to clear all items from a Bag?

    <p>BigO(n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation is likely to be the least efficient in terms of time complexity when manipulating a Bag?

    <p>Removing an item by index.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of efficiency, how is determining the MAX_SIZE of a Bag typically evaluated?

    <p>BigO(1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Bag Data Structures is false?

    <p>Bags cannot hold duplicate elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the overall Big-O efficiency for adding an item to an unordered Bag?

    <p>BigO(1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CSC 1061 Data Structure: Bag Static Array

    • The course covers bag data structures implemented using static arrays.
    • Objectives include designing and implementing collection classes using partially filled arrays to store collections of elements
    • Students need to write and maintain accurate invariants for each class they implement.
    • Algorithm analysis, including Big O notation, is crucial for understanding algorithm efficiency.

    Static Arrays

    • Static arrays are managed by the compiler.
    • The "static" keyword in C++ is not relevant to defining static arrays.
    • Static arrays are stored on the stack.
    • Array elements must all be of the same data type.
    • Static arrays have a fixed size determined at compile time and cannot change during the program's execution.
    • Array indexes are 0-based when referencing array elements.
    • Array declarations use a counting number for size, not 0.

    Data Structures

    • Data structures are specialized tools for organizing and storing data, often to allow for more efficient operations.
    • The course covers several data structures this semester including Static Arrays, Dynamic Arrays, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues, Graphs, Binary Trees, Heaps, and B-Trees,

    Array Challenge

    • Students should complete questions 1 and 2.
    • Skip question 3 as it is not relevant to the subject matter.

    Algorithm Analysis

    • Big-O notation is used to analyze the performance of algorithms.
    • Big-O notation provides an approximation of the number of steps in an algorithm's computation.
    • The efficiency of an algorithm is characterized by Big-O in terms of execution time, independent of any particular program or computer.
      • Includes Constant, Logarithmic, Linear and Quadratic run-times.
    • Students need to complete a tutorial and activities on algorithm analysis, excluding parts related to mathematical notations.

    Bag Data Structure

    • A bag is an unordered collection of values that can contain duplicates.
    • Bags are like bags of groceries; they don't care about order of items.
    • A bag is a container that holds other objects.
    • The container manages storage space and provides functions to access and modify elements.

    Bag ADT Data Structure

    • Bags are limited-sized, unordered data structures.
    • Bags start empty.
    • Bags keep a count of elements.
    • The "size" data member tracks the number of elements.
    • The video covers the MAX_SIZE as capacity and the number of elements in use.

    Algorithm Efficiency

    • Students must complete an exercise to determine the Big-O efficiency of several tasks.

    Invariant: Rules of Data Members

    • Students should read the tutorial and complete the multiple-choice question activities related to data member invariants.

    Invariant: Rules of Data Members (specific details)

    • Fixed-size arrays use a constant MAX_SIZE.
    • All array elements must be the same data type.
    • Index checking is essential to prevent out-of-bounds errors.
    • The size data member tracks the number of elements.
    • The size data member is initialized to 0 for an empty container.
    • The size data member is incremented when an element is added, and decremented when one is removed.

    Example Bag of Date Objects

    • Code example showcasing a bag of dates (likely using a static array).
    • The static variable MAX (and likely other data members) are constants in the example code.
    • The code emphasizes that a static variable is only created once for the class.
    • The ImportantDates class has a constructor and append method to add items to the Bag container.

    Bag ADT: Modifier Member Functions

    • Discusses member functions like append (adds an element, checking for capacity), removeByIndex (removes element at a certain index), removeItem (removes an item), and clearAll (empties the bag).

    Bag ADT: Capacity Member Functions

    • Functions that manage storage capacity (e.g., getSize(), getMaxSize(), isEmpty()).

    Bag ADT: Access Member Functions

    • Access member functions (e.g., contains(), at(), operator[]), which allow for retrieving or checking elements in the bag, and their behaviour.

    Operator[]

    • The subscript operator [] is used for retrieval and potentially modification of elements within an array.
    • The at() function is similar, it is both used to check if valid index and return element.

    At Member Function

    • The at() member function behaves similarly to [] in retrieving array elements.

    Bag ADT: Other Member Functions

    • Details on specific functions readFile() and writeFile() for handling data I/O from/to files. These functions involve file operations relevant to data storage and retrieval.

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    Related Documents

    CSC 1061 Week 04 Data Structures Static Array PDF

    Description

    This quiz assesses your understanding of bag data structures and static arrays as implemented in C++. You will explore topics like array management, algorithm analysis, and maintaining invariants for collection classes. Mastery of these concepts is essential for efficient data storage and manipulation.

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