CSC 1061 Data Structure: Bag Static Array

CSC 1061 Data Structure: Bag Static Array

• The course covers bag data structures implemented using static arrays.
• Objectives include designing and implementing collection classes using partially filled arrays to store collections of elements
• Students need to write and maintain accurate invariants for each class they implement.
• Algorithm analysis, including Big O notation, is crucial for understanding algorithm efficiency.

Static Arrays

• Static arrays are managed by the compiler.
• The "static" keyword in C++ is not relevant to defining static arrays.
• Static arrays are stored on the stack.
• Array elements must all be of the same data type.
• Static arrays have a fixed size determined at compile time and cannot change during the program's execution.
• Array indexes are 0-based when referencing array elements.
• Array declarations use a counting number for size, not 0.

Data Structures

• Data structures are specialized tools for organizing and storing data, often to allow for more efficient operations.
• The course covers several data structures this semester including Static Arrays, Dynamic Arrays, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues, Graphs, Binary Trees, Heaps, and B-Trees,

Array Challenge

• Students should complete questions 1 and 2.
• Skip question 3 as it is not relevant to the subject matter.

Algorithm Analysis

• Big-O notation is used to analyze the performance of algorithms.
• Big-O notation provides an approximation of the number of steps in an algorithm's computation.
• The efficiency of an algorithm is characterized by Big-O in terms of execution time, independent of any particular program or computer.
  • Includes Constant, Logarithmic, Linear and Quadratic run-times.
• Students need to complete a tutorial and activities on algorithm analysis, excluding parts related to mathematical notations.

Bag Data Structure

• A bag is an unordered collection of values that can contain duplicates.
• Bags are like bags of groceries; they don't care about order of items.
• A bag is a container that holds other objects.
• The container manages storage space and provides functions to access and modify elements.

Bag ADT Data Structure

• Bags are limited-sized, unordered data structures.
• Bags start empty.
• Bags keep a count of elements.
• The "size" data member tracks the number of elements.
• The video covers the MAX_SIZE as capacity and the number of elements in use.

Algorithm Efficiency

• Students must complete an exercise to determine the Big-O efficiency of several tasks.

Invariant: Rules of Data Members

• Students should read the tutorial and complete the multiple-choice question activities related to data member invariants.

Invariant: Rules of Data Members (specific details)

• Fixed-size arrays use a constant MAX_SIZE.
• All array elements must be the same data type.
• Index checking is essential to prevent out-of-bounds errors.
• The size data member tracks the number of elements.
• The size data member is initialized to 0 for an empty container.
• The size data member is incremented when an element is added, and decremented when one is removed.

Example Bag of Date Objects

• Code example showcasing a bag of dates (likely using a static array).
• The static variable MAX (and likely other data members) are constants in the example code.
• The code emphasizes that a static variable is only created once for the class.
• The ImportantDates class has a constructor and append method to add items to the Bag container.

Bag ADT: Modifier Member Functions

• Discusses member functions like append (adds an element, checking for capacity), removeByIndex (removes element at a certain index), removeItem (removes an item), and clearAll (empties the bag).

Bag ADT: Capacity Member Functions

• Functions that manage storage capacity (e.g., getSize(), getMaxSize(), isEmpty()).

Bag ADT: Access Member Functions

• Access member functions (e.g., contains(), at(), operator[]), which allow for retrieving or checking elements in the bag, and their behaviour.

Operator[]

• The subscript operator [] is used for retrieval and potentially modification of elements within an array.
• The at() function is similar, it is both used to check if valid index and return element.

At Member Function

• The at() member function behaves similarly to [] in retrieving array elements.

Bag ADT: Other Member Functions

• Details on specific functions readFile() and writeFile() for handling data I/O from/to files. These functions involve file operations relevant to data storage and retrieval.