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Questions and Answers
What type of fluid was NOT used in the study on stranded sea turtles?
What type of fluid was NOT used in the study on stranded sea turtles?
According to the study, which acid-base disorder was most frequently seen in juvenile turtles upon admission?
According to the study, which acid-base disorder was most frequently seen in juvenile turtles upon admission?
What was identified as a common indicator of metabolic acidosis in the turtles studied?
What was identified as a common indicator of metabolic acidosis in the turtles studied?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why some authors consider lactated Ringer's solution controversial for use in reptiles, including chelonians?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why some authors consider lactated Ringer's solution controversial for use in reptiles, including chelonians?
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What was suggested as an alternative to lactated Ringer’s solution due to the potential for increasing lactate?
What was suggested as an alternative to lactated Ringer’s solution due to the potential for increasing lactate?
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What was the most prominent acid-base disorder observed in the untreated, control group of turtles?
What was the most prominent acid-base disorder observed in the untreated, control group of turtles?
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What is the main role of crystalloid solutions during fluid therapy?
What is the main role of crystalloid solutions during fluid therapy?
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In the study, which fluid demonstrated the highest percentage of acid-base recovery after three days of treatment?
In the study, which fluid demonstrated the highest percentage of acid-base recovery after three days of treatment?
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According to the study, what is the most frequently detected acid-base disorder in stranded sea turtles?
According to the study, what is the most frequently detected acid-base disorder in stranded sea turtles?
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What was the unexpected finding regarding glucose concentrations in turtles treated with dextrose-saline fluid?
What was the unexpected finding regarding glucose concentrations in turtles treated with dextrose-saline fluid?
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What is the recommended fluid for treating metabolic acidosis in stranded sea turtles according to this study?
What is the recommended fluid for treating metabolic acidosis in stranded sea turtles according to this study?
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What did the study suggest regarding lactate solutions in reptiles with appropriate liver function?
What did the study suggest regarding lactate solutions in reptiles with appropriate liver function?
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What is a potential cause for hyperglycemia in reptiles besides exogenous dextrose administration?
What is a potential cause for hyperglycemia in reptiles besides exogenous dextrose administration?
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Which of the following changes in blood values suggests alkalization of the acid-base status after therapy according to the study?
Which of the following changes in blood values suggests alkalization of the acid-base status after therapy according to the study?
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What was observed regarding sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations after fluid therapy in the study?
What was observed regarding sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations after fluid therapy in the study?
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What was an adverse effect observed in many turtles treated with lactated Ringer's solution after therapy?
What was an adverse effect observed in many turtles treated with lactated Ringer's solution after therapy?
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According to the research, when is dextrose solution indicated for fluid therapy?
According to the research, when is dextrose solution indicated for fluid therapy?
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What is a conclusion of this study regarding the use of multiple different crystalloid fluids in sea turtles?
What is a conclusion of this study regarding the use of multiple different crystalloid fluids in sea turtles?
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Study Notes
Crystalloid Fluid Therapy in Sea Turtles
- Study evaluated acid-base and plasma biochemical changes in stranded sea turtles after various crystalloid fluids.
- Only isotonic and hypotonic fluids were used, excluding hypertonic and colloid fluids.
- Crystalloids are crucial for rehydration and fluid maintenance.
- Mixed saline-lactated Ringer's solution showed highest acid-base recovery after 3 days.
- Metabolic acidosis was the most frequent problem in juvenile turtles, linked to acid production or base loss.
- Low bicarbonate levels, elevated anion gap, increased lactic acid, and decreased pCO2 indicated metabolic acidosis.
- Hyperchloremia, while observed, was less prevalent.
- Fluid selection depends on clinical disorder and fluid/electrolyte loss.
- Crystalloids with acetate, gluconate, or lactate (e.g., Plasmalyte-A, Normosol-R, lactated Ringer's) are appropriate for reptiles. These solutions increase alkalinity, countering acidosis.
- Lactated Ringer's solution mixed with saline is beneficial for treating acid-base imbalance.
- Untreated turtles displayed respiratory acidosis.
- Use of lactated Ringer's is controversial in reptiles due to potential hyperlactatemia exacerbation.
- Sea turtles naturally produce high lactate concentrations, a factor considered in the study.
- Non-lactate solutions like Plasmalyte-A or Normosol-R are suggested as alternatives when concern of hyperlactatemia is a factor.
- Lactate solutions are acceptable if liver function is adequate.
Treatment Results and Recommendations
- Lactated Ringer's solution, in the study, lowered lactate concentrations in most treated turtles, but resulted in metabolic alkalosis in a significant portion (66.6%).
- Few turtles (33%) restored acid-base balance after lactated Ringer's treatment.
- Mixed saline-lactated Ringer's solution is recommended for initial treatment until acid-base balance is restored.
- Subsequent maintenance crystalloid (0.9% NaCl) can be used in recovery.
- Dextrose-saline fluid resulted in worse acid-base balance restoration, with unexpected elevated glucose levels in turtles.
Glucose and Electrolyte Considerations
- Hyperglycemia is common in sea turtles, possibly related to stress or unknown origins.
- High glucose levels observed after dextrose-saline treatment, with low initial glucose levels also present.
- Glucose determination is essential in making fluid treatment decisions.
- Dextrose use is indicated in hypoglycemic patients and should be monitored closely, following up with maintenance fluid. Further study on hyperglycemia pathophysiology is encouraged.
- Following treatment, lower sodium, potassium, chloride concentrations were observed across treatment groups.
Osmolality and Electrolytes
- No significant change in osmolality was detected after fluid administration, but lower electrolyte concentrations emerged.
- This suggests the hypotonic nature of the used fluids.
- However, sea turtles demonstrate tolerance to a wide range of plasma osmolality.
Conclusion and Recommendations
- The study provided valuable information regarding crystalloid fluid therapy for stranded loggerhead sea turtles.
- Metabolic acidosis is common in stranded sea turtles.
- Treatment with mixed saline-lactated Ringer's solution is initially recommended, followed by electrolyte maintenance.
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Description
This quiz explores the effects of crystalloid fluid therapy on stranded sea turtles, focusing on acid-base and biochemical changes. Learn about the benefits of different isotonic and hypotonic fluids, their role in rehydration, and how they can improve outcomes in juvenile turtles suffering from metabolic acidosis.
