Cross-Cultural Management: Power Distance Index and Time Perception

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Questions and Answers

What aspect of communication is affected by cultural norms regarding personal space?

  • Para language
  • Verbal language
  • Proxemics (correct)
  • Body language

In a high Power Distance culture, people tend to:

  • Prioritize group harmony
  • Value competitiveness
  • Resist authority
  • Accept unequal distribution of power (correct)

Which characteristic is associated with Collectivist cultures?

  • Prioritize group harmony (correct)
  • Value competitiveness
  • Focus on personal goals
  • Emphasize individual achievement

In a Masculine culture, what is valued?

<p>Competitiveness and achievement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of low Power Distance cultures?

<p>Preference for equality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of communication is affected by differences in vocabulary, grammar, and syntax?

<p>Language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Individualistic cultures?

<p>Focus on personal goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture prioritizes cooperation and caring for others?

<p>Feminine culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication is influenced by cultural background and affects how we interpret information?

<p>Perception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cultural dimension do we see differences in communication objectives and preserving social image?

<p>Differences in Goals and Face-Saving Tendencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cultural differences in thinking and processing information?

<p>Thought patterns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cultural dimension are there differences in valuing equality and hierarchy?

<p>Power Distance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the importance of symbols in communication, which varies culturally?

<p>The Role of Symbols (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of communication involves differences in gestures, facial expressions, and body language?

<p>Non-verbal communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the cultural dimension that deals with how people approach uncertainty and risk?

<p>Uncertainty Avoidance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cultural dimension do we see differences in valuing achievement and nurturing?

<p>Masculinity vs. Femininity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivator for individuals in a high power distance culture?

<p>Security and stability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a restraint culture, what is the primary motivator for individuals?

<p>Self-discipline and hard work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an individualistic culture?

<p>Motivated by personal achievement and recognition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a collectivist culture, what is the primary motivator for individuals?

<p>Belonging and loyalty to the group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a masculinity-oriented culture?

<p>Prioritizing competition and achievement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivator for individuals in a low power distance culture?

<p>Autonomy and empowerment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an indulgence culture, what is the primary motivator for individuals?

<p>Enjoyment and leisure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a femininity-oriented culture?

<p>Valuing empathy and nurturing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Power Distance Index (PDI)

  • Acceptance of unequal distribution of power varies across cultures
  • High power distance cultures accept authority, while low power distance cultures prefer equality

Time Perception

  • Variations in how time is perceived and managed across cultures

Proxemics and Use of Space

  • Cultural norms regarding personal space during communication

Language

  • Differences in vocabulary, grammar, and syntax in communication

Individualism vs Collectivism

  • Integration into society: individualistic cultures focus on personal goals, while collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony

Masculinity vs Femininity

  • Distribution of emotional roles between genders: masculine cultures value competitiveness, while feminine cultures emphasize cooperation and caring for others

Negotiation Process

  • Preparation: setting goals and exploring options
  • Interpersonal relationship building: getting to know the other people involved

Work Motivation

  • Power Distance Index: motivated by security and stability, or autonomy and empowerment
  • Individualism vs Collectivism: motivated by personal achievement and recognition, or belonging and loyalty to the group
  • Masculinity vs Femininity: motivated by competitiveness, or cooperation and caring for others

Cross-Cultural Awareness

  • Cultural training: understanding communication styles, values, and norms of different cultures
  • Seeking feedback: having open conversations with colleagues to understand their perspectives on communication and work dynamics
  • Social structure: understanding social hierarchy to navigate interactions and show respect

Cultural Differences

  • Perception: influenced by cultural background
  • Social Organization: different values and priorities based on social structure
  • Thought Patterns: cultural differences in thinking and processing information
  • Roles: varying decision-making and responsibility across cultures
  • Content of communication: what's important to talk about differs across cultures

Communication Differences

  • Goals and Face-Saving Tendencies: differences in communication objectives and preserving social image
  • Associative vs Abstractive Norm: discussing specific experiences vs general concepts
  • The Role of Symbols: importance of symbols in communication varies culturally
  • Non-verbal communication: differences in gestures, facial expressions, and body language

Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

  • Developing cultural profiles and management styles around the world

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