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What concept focuses on how women's lives are influenced by various forms of oppression, particularly in relation to race and gender?
What concept focuses on how women's lives are influenced by various forms of oppression, particularly in relation to race and gender?
Which of the following best describes 'hegemonic masculinity' as defined by Connell?
Which of the following best describes 'hegemonic masculinity' as defined by Connell?
How do some women criminals enact their femininity through their actions?
How do some women criminals enact their femininity through their actions?
Which theory challenges the notion of biological sex as static and emphasizes the fluidity of gender categories?
Which theory challenges the notion of biological sex as static and emphasizes the fluidity of gender categories?
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What major issue does feminist theory address regarding women in the context of the criminal justice system?
What major issue does feminist theory address regarding women in the context of the criminal justice system?
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What factor in Routine Activity Theory primarily identifies individuals who are inclined to commit crimes?
What factor in Routine Activity Theory primarily identifies individuals who are inclined to commit crimes?
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Which of the following is considered a formal form of deterrence?
Which of the following is considered a formal form of deterrence?
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What conditions must be present for a crime to occur according to Routine Activity Theory?
What conditions must be present for a crime to occur according to Routine Activity Theory?
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How can crime prevention be effectively approached based on the content provided?
How can crime prevention be effectively approached based on the content provided?
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Which of the following factors significantly contributed to the increase in crime rates despite improving socioeconomic conditions in the 1960s?
Which of the following factors significantly contributed to the increase in crime rates despite improving socioeconomic conditions in the 1960s?
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Which of these is an informal form of deterrence mentioned in the content?
Which of these is an informal form of deterrence mentioned in the content?
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What characterizes the nature of most crimes according to the content?
What characterizes the nature of most crimes according to the content?
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Which of the following increasing trends provided greater criminal opportunities as per the Routine Activity Theory?
Which of the following increasing trends provided greater criminal opportunities as per the Routine Activity Theory?
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What is a major critique of green criminology mentioned in the content?
What is a major critique of green criminology mentioned in the content?
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How does decolonial criminology differ from traditional criminology?
How does decolonial criminology differ from traditional criminology?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of traditional criminology mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of traditional criminology mentioned?
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What does the term 'the other' refer to in the context of criminology?
What does the term 'the other' refer to in the context of criminology?
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What is a consequence of the colonial hierarchy as discussed in the content?
What is a consequence of the colonial hierarchy as discussed in the content?
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Which of the following concepts is tied into the flawed production of knowledge in criminology?
Which of the following concepts is tied into the flawed production of knowledge in criminology?
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What are some issues resulting from the complexity of data in green criminology?
What are some issues resulting from the complexity of data in green criminology?
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What is a significant impact of criminology on societal structures?
What is a significant impact of criminology on societal structures?
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What is a crucial aspect of the Brighter Futures for Children program?
What is a crucial aspect of the Brighter Futures for Children program?
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What is one of the significant critiques of the BPS approach in understanding crime?
What is one of the significant critiques of the BPS approach in understanding crime?
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One of the criticisms of the BPS approach is its strong focus on which of the following?
One of the criticisms of the BPS approach is its strong focus on which of the following?
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What challenge does the BPS approach face in its implementation within the Criminal Justice System?
What challenge does the BPS approach face in its implementation within the Criminal Justice System?
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What aspect of crime does the BPS approach notably individualize, according to the critiques?
What aspect of crime does the BPS approach notably individualize, according to the critiques?
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What aspect does Crime Pattern Theory primarily focus on?
What aspect does Crime Pattern Theory primarily focus on?
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How does Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) differ from social problem-solving approaches?
How does Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) differ from social problem-solving approaches?
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What does Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) aim to do?
What does Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) aim to do?
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What is a potential criticism of opportunity theories related to crime prevention?
What is a potential criticism of opportunity theories related to crime prevention?
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Which statement best summarizes the significance of opportunity theories?
Which statement best summarizes the significance of opportunity theories?
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What is one of the key components of Situational Crime Prevention strategies?
What is one of the key components of Situational Crime Prevention strategies?
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What concern does opportunity theory generally ignore?
What concern does opportunity theory generally ignore?
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What does an effective application of Crime Pattern Theory allow us to understand?
What does an effective application of Crime Pattern Theory allow us to understand?
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What is a primary reason individuals may engage in deviant practices like theft or embezzlement?
What is a primary reason individuals may engage in deviant practices like theft or embezzlement?
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How does leisure activity reflect capitalist values?
How does leisure activity reflect capitalist values?
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What term describes individuals who believe they are exempt from moral and social rules within a capitalist framework?
What term describes individuals who believe they are exempt from moral and social rules within a capitalist framework?
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Which of the following critiques capitalism suggests it may not be the sole origin of crime?
Which of the following critiques capitalism suggests it may not be the sole origin of crime?
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In which way can capitalist values affect leisure activities negatively?
In which way can capitalist values affect leisure activities negatively?
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What does the phrase 'unsatiable desire' imply about leisure and consumption?
What does the phrase 'unsatiable desire' imply about leisure and consumption?
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What role does individualism play in capitalism according to the content?
What role does individualism play in capitalism according to the content?
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What is one potential consequence of pursuing leisure driven by capitalist values?
What is one potential consequence of pursuing leisure driven by capitalist values?
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Study Notes
Criminological Theories
- Opportunity theories are based on the idea that humans act rationally
- They seek to prevent crime by increasing the cost of committing a crime
- The Classical School of Criminology emerged during the Enlightenment
- Key thinkers include Cesare Beccaria, who wrote On Crimes and Punishment.
- A social contract means citizens give up rights for protection from the state
- Unjust or excessive punishment angers people and harms social harmony
- Cesare Beccaria believed in free will, individual choice, and swift, certain, and severe punishments
- Contemporary applications include Rational Choice Theory and Routine Activity Theory
- Crime Pattern Theory and Situational Crime Prevention highlight specific crime patterns
- Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) manipulates the criminal environment
- Cultural criminology emphasizes the social meanings of crime and its cultural significance.
- Cultural criminology examines crime as a social construct
Crime in Late Modernity
- Crime is intertwined with modern consumer culture
- It can be both spectacular or mundane
- Crime can be a means of coping with economic and existential struggles.
- Emotional experiences play a crucial role in understanding crime
Feminist Criminology
- There's no single feminist perspective, but key commonalities exist.
- Gender is a social construct, and crime is an enactment of masculinity or femininity.
- Feminist criminology has significantly impacted criminal justice reform.
- Feminist methodology questions existing knowledge and explores women's experiences
- Key feminist theory approaches include liberal, radical, Marxist, socialist, and third-wave feminism, along with queer criminology.
Green Criminology
- Green criminology studies environmental harm, arguing that not all harm is recognized as a crime.
- Green criminology focuses on the inequalities and harms generated from actions toward our environment.
- Key concepts include capitalism, accumulation, exploitation, inequalities, commodification, contamination, deforestation, and floods.
Decolonial Criminology
- Decolonial criminology challenges the colonial legacy in criminology
- Its aims to address how colonialism affects the criminal justice system.
- Decolonial criminology emphasizes epistemic justice, advocating for the recognition of marginalized voices
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Description
This quiz delves into key criminological theories, including opportunity theories and the Classical School of Criminology proposed by Cesare Beccaria. Explore the concepts of rational choice, crime prevention, and the social implications of crime. Test your knowledge on how these theories have evolved and their contemporary applications.
