CRIM 3104 Mixed Methods Research
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Questions and Answers

In the qual–QUAN design, which component is primary?

  • Neither component is primary
  • Both components are equally important
  • Qualitative component
  • Quantitative component (correct)

In the quan–QUAL design, the qualitative component is implemented first.

True (A)

What is the purpose of using a qualitative study first in the QUAL–quan design?

To explore findings in depth before applying a quantitative study.

The design where the quantitative study is used to identify populations or issues that require further exploration is called _____ followed by QUAL.

<p>quan</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the research designs with their respective descriptions:

<p>Design 1 = QUAL followed by quan Design 2 = quan followed by QUAL Design 3 = QUAN followed by qual Design 4 = Qual followed by QUAN</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial step taken in the Metro Vancouver Transit Police project?

<p>Carrying out a user safety survey (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The goal of triangulating results is primarily to test the validity of quantitative findings.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the strategic shift that resulted from the Metro Vancouver Transit Police study?

<p>Community-based policing model</p> Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of obtaining a representative sample is to enhance the __________ of qualitative findings.

<p>generalizability</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the research methods used in the Metro Vancouver Transit Police project with their descriptions:

<p>User safety survey = Quantitative data collection Time and task analysis = Ethnographic study of officers Interviews = Qualitative data collection Focus groups = Gathering community perspectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary reason researchers use mixed methods according to Greene et al.?

<p>Triangulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qualitative approaches allow researchers to test hypotheses.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the philosophical boundaries some researchers find difficult to cross when mixing qualitative and quantitative methods?

<p>purists</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concept that 'the whole is greater than the sum of its parts' relates to the use of ________ methods.

<p>mixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the advantages of mixed methods research with their definitions:

<p>Triangulation = Using multiple methods to confirm results Complimentarity = Integrating methods to provide richer insights Development = Advancing measurement or intervention strategies Expansion = Broadened scope of research findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of methods in a mixed methods study determined by?

<p>The primary and secondary research methods used (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mixed methods research cannot help tackle problems with multiple layers of understanding.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach allows researchers to make generalizations from their data?

<p>quantitative</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Triangulation

Combining multiple research methods to validate findings. It aims to see if the results from different approaches converge, giving a more robust picture.

Mixed Methods Approach

Research combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to achieve a more comprehensive understanding.

Quantitative Questionnaire Items

Questions in a survey with closed-ended answers, often using scales or multiple-choice options.

Generalizability

The ability to apply findings from a study to a larger population or context.

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Grounded Theory

Developing theory from data gathered through qualitative methods. This helps ensure the theory reflects real-world experiences.

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Qual-QUAN Design

A mixed methods research design where a qualitative study is conducted first, followed by a quantitative study. The quantitative study is primary and aims to provide further clarification of findings from the qualitative study.

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Quan-QUAL Design

A mixed methods research design where a quantitative study is conducted first, followed by a qualitative study. The qualitative study is primary and aims to delve deeper into specific issues identified in the quantitative study.

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QUAN-qual Design

A mixed methods design where a quantitative study is conducted first, followed by a smaller qualitative study. The quantitative study is primary, and the qualitative study aims to clarify or elaborate on the quantitative findings.

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QUAL-quan Design

A mixed methods design where a qualitative study is conducted first, followed by a smaller quantitative study. The qualitative study is primary, and the quantitative study aims to test the qualitative findings on different populations.

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Why do Qual Researchers use Mixed Methods?

Qualitative researchers often use mixed methods to achieve a greater understanding of complex phenomena. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods allows for a richer and more comprehensive picture.

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Mixed Methods

A research approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore a research problem by bringing together different perspectives and layers of understanding.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Quantitative methods use numerical data and statistical analysis to test hypotheses and generalize findings, while qualitative methods explore subjective experiences, beliefs, and meanings through text, interviews, and observations.

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Complimentarity

A mixed methods strategy where qualitative and quantitative methods work together to enhance each other's strengths, providing a more complete and nuanced understanding.

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What are the different types of mixed methods designs?

The design depends on which method comes first and which is primary. Some designs are Qual-Quan, Quan-Qual, QUAN-qual, and QUAL-quan.

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Why is Mixed Methods used?

Mixed methods are used to explore complex problems, gain a deeper understanding of phenomena, overcome the limitations of single methods, and address research questions that require both quantitative and qualitative perspectives.

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Mixed Methods Trigger

The mixing of qualitative and quantitative methods can be challenging for some researchers, particularly those adhering to strict research paradigms.

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Pragmatists

Researchers who embrace mixed methods research and believe that the choice of method should be driven by the research question and context. They see methods as tools to be used depending on the research focus.

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Study Notes

Mixed Methods Research

  • Course: CRIM 3104
  • Date: November 5th, 2024

Interviews

  • Discussions with participants to gather information

"Stop and Go"

  • Police-related scenario

A Marriage of Quantitative and Qualitative

  • Combining both qualitative and quantitative research methods concurrently or sequentially
  • Emphasizes the whole being greater than the sum of its parts
  • Useful for understanding complex issues

Selection of Method

  • Tied to the research problem
  • Qualitative approaches gain lived experiences
  • Quantitative approaches test hypotheses and generalize from data

Police Shootings

  • Example of using mixed methods

Advantages of Mixed Methods Research

  • Five reasons why researchers use mixed methods:
    • Triangulation
    • Complimentarity
    • Development
    • Initiation
    • Expansion

The Trigger

  • Combining qualitative and quantitative methods involves mixing research paradigms
  • Qualitative methods use an interpretive paradigm
  • Some positivists may find crossing over to qualitative methods difficult.

Mixed Methods Research Design

  • Decisions need to be made about the design choices including the primary and secondary method
  • Primary and complementary methods need to be determined
  • First and second method priorities

Typology for Mixing Methods

  • Different approaches for mixing methods

Design 1: qual followed by QUAN

  • Qualitative approach initially, followed by a quantitative one
  • Quantitative method is the primary method
  • Quantitative method follows up and supplements the qualitative method

Design 2: quan followed by QUAL

  • Quantitative study done first, then qualitative
  • Identify issues or populations that need to be explored further

Design 3: QUAN followed by qual

  • Quantitative is done first, then qualitative -Clarify or elaborate on quantitative findings

Design 4: QUAL followed by quan

  • Qualitative is done first, then Quantitative
  • Test results & ascertain if qualitative findings transfer to other populations

Why Qual Researchers Use Mixed Methods Research?

  • Test validity of qualitative findings in a wider population
  • Create a more robust understanding & triangulate results with topics of convergence; whether research findings of two studies
  • Obtain representative sample; enhancing qualitative findings generalizability
  • Develop a more robust set of quantitative questionnaire items by considering lived experiences

A Good Example of Mixed Methods Approach: Metro Vancouver Transit Police

  • Multi-year project starting in 2014
  • Began with a user safety survey (quantitative)
  • Followed by time and task analysis of transit officers (qual/quant)
  • Led to a strategic shift towards a community-based policing model

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamentals of mixed methods research, particularly within the context of criminal justice. Covering topics from interviews to the integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches, it highlights the advantages and real-world applications, such as police shootings. Perfect for students of CRIM 3104 to test their understanding of this comprehensive research method.

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