Kapitel 4

The cost of acquiring raw materials, including purchase costs and any expenses related to obtaining them. This cost is incurred by the Procurement or Purchase Section.

The cost of transforming raw materials into a finished product. It includes the cost of labor, machinery, and other expenses related to the manufacturing process.

Expenses incurred in the process of acquiring raw materials, such as transportation costs, storage, and inspection, which are added to the direct material cost.

All costs related to running the business, including administration, marketing, sales, and general expenses.

The additional costs involved in making a product ready for sale, including packaging, storage, and distribution.

The cost of maintaining the equipment and facilities used in the production process. It covers repairs, upkeep, and depreciation.

The expenses of running a business, such as salaries, rent, utilities, and accounting. These costs are associated with the overall operation of a business.

The costs associated with the process of obtaining raw materials, transforming them into a finished product, and ultimately selling the finished goods.

The percentage increase of CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) for each euro of Direct Material (MD).

The percentage increase of CIF for each euro of Direct Manufacturing Overhead (MOD).

The percentage increase of CIF for each euro of Direct Costs (CD).

The total unit cost of production calculated by adding up direct costs and the CIF supplements applied to them.

A cost allocation method where CIF is assigned based on a single direct cost element (MD, MOD, or CD) because the ratios of CIF to those direct costs remain constant.

The condition where the ratio of CIF to direct costs remains constant, making the cumulative supplements method applicable.

The costs directly related to the production of a product, including Direct Material (MD), Direct Labor (DL), and Direct Manufacturing Overhead (MOD).

The cost of shipping goods, including transportation, insurance, and other related expenses.

The cost of direct materials is allocated between finished products and work in progress based on the quantity of each product produced. This allocation is carried out in the first step of production cost calculation.

Elective supplements refer to the allocation of indirect costs (such as overhead) to production. This method uses a specific factor, like production volume, to distribute costs to various products.

The cost of direct materials per unit (M.U./Q) is calculated by dividing the total direct materials cost by the quantity (Q) of finished products produced.

The total direct materials cost combined is calculated by adding the cost of direct materials incorporated into finished goods and the cost of direct materials used in work in progress.

This method uses a specific factor to allocate indirect costs (like overhead) to various products. This method requires calculating both direct and indirect costs separately.

A type of joint production where the main product is the primary focus, and secondary products are sold separately. The secondary products are considered residues or 'by-products' and are not the main focus of the company's activity.

A type of joint production where several major products are produced, each with significant value. These products are not considered residues but are all considered essential to the company's activity.

A method for calculating profitability when by-products are sold. It assumes that all profitability is attributed to the main product, and the by-product's profitability is considered zero.

A by-product is sold in its original form, without further processing.

A by-product is processed or altered before being sold, typically to increase its value.

The cost of a joint product is allocated between the main product and a by-product that is used as a factor of production in its raw form, directly after separation.

The joint cost is allocated based on the proportion of the by-product's production cost to the total joint cost.

The unit cost of a by-product is equal to the purchase price of an equivalent material.

The production cost of the main product is calculated by subtracting the cost of the by-product from the total joint cost.

A by-product is further processed before being used as a productive factor.

The by-product is processed into a semi-finished product that is further transformed to yield the final by-product.

The cost of the by-product is calculated based on its production process and the treatment costs incurred before it is sold.

The by-product's cost is determined by considering the cost of raw materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead used during processing.

The cost incurred when two products share the same production process until a certain point.

A method used to allocate joint costs to individual products when one of the products is sold in the market and the other is used as an input for further processing.

The cost of a by-product is equated to its selling price, reflecting the value it generates in the market.

A by-product is considered a production factor when it's used as an input in the manufacturing process.

A cost allocation method used when a by-product is a production factor, recognizing the savings achieved by using it instead of other inputs.

Costs incurred after the separation point of joint products, allocated to the products based on their individual processing costs.

The cost assigned to the semi-finished product that is not sold directly.

The selling price of the by-product is used to determine the cost of the semi-finished product, based on the assumption that the by-product's value is linked to the semi-finished product's production.