Corynebacterium Diphtheria

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential lethal effect of diphtheria?

Respiratory distress syndrome

Liver failure

Renal failure

Myocarditis leading to arrhythmias and heart block (correct)

What is the significance of the image depicting a man eating sausage links?

It represents the bacterial transmission through contaminated food.

It symbolizes the nerve damage caused by diphtheria toxin. (correct)

It illustrates the respiratory complications of diphtheria.

It signifies the need for a balanced diet during diphtheria treatment.

What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the diphtheria bacteria.

To measure the antibody response to the diphtheria vaccine.

To diagnose diphtheria based on clinical symptoms.

To detect the presence of diphtheria toxin in vitro. (correct)

Why is the text in a different language?

To indicate that immigrants are more susceptible to diphtheria. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the syringes in the bull image?

It symbolizes the need for vaccination against diphtheria. Signup and view all the answers

What is the general shape of Corynebacterium Diphtheria described in the text?

Rod-shaped Signup and view all the answers

Which staining characteristic is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria?

Metachromatic granules staining red Signup and view all the answers

How does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria affect protein synthesis?

Inhibits ribosome function by adding ADP-ribose to elongation factor 2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of exudate does Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection lead to in the oral pharynx?

Pseudomembranous exudate Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria transmission as described in the text?

Respiratory droplets transmission from throat and tonsils Signup and view all the answers

What clinical manifestation can Corynebacterium Diphtheria cause that leads to 'bulls neck'?

Thickening of the neck due to lymphadenopathy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the diphtheria toxin can lead to nerve deficits?

Damage to the myelin sheath of nerve fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

To detect the presence of diphtheria toxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why immigrants are more likely to get diphtheria as mentioned in the text?

They are less likely to have received the diphtheria vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the DTaP vaccine mentioned in the text?

To provide protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment approach for diphtheria infection based on the information provided in the text?

Antibiotics and antitoxin to neutralize the diphtheria toxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria leads to cell death?

Inhibition of ribosome function Signup and view all the answers

How does Corynebacterium Diphtheria's toxin affect elongation factor 2 (EF-2)?

It ribosylates EF-2 Signup and view all the answers

Which media is commonly used for diagnosing Corynebacterium Diphtheria in the lab?

Tellurite agar Signup and view all the answers

What type of exudate is typically seen in cases of Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection in the oral pharynx?

Pseudomembranous exudate Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of Corynebacterium Diphtheria that contributes to its staining characteristics with aniline dyes?

Metachromatic granules Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria impact protein synthesis?

Prevents peptide bond formation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria
Club-shaped and Y or V shaped (Moroccan shaped rods)
Metachromatic granules that stain with aniline dyes, staining red with the rest of the cell staining blue

General Features

Lab diagnosis involves plating on Tellurite (CTBA) and Loefflers media agar
Bacteria forms a zig-zag shape

Pathogenesis

Toxin has 2 subunits: A (active) and B (binding)
Toxin causes ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) by adding ADP-ribose, inhibiting ribosome function and protein synthesis, leading to cell death
Leads to pseudomembranous exudate in the oral pharynx
Can cause airway obstruction and lymphadenopathy, leading to "bulls neck" (thickening of the neck)

Transmission

Infection is transmitted by respiratory droplets
Found in throat and tonsils

Diseases

Can lead to myocarditis, resulting in arrhythmias and heart block
Damages the myelin of nerve fibers, causing neuropathy
Nerve deficits start in the posterior oropharynx, resulting in recurrent laryngeal palsy and lower limb polyneuritis

Diagnosis

Eleks test: an in-vitro assay that detects toxin presence
ELISA is now used as a diagnostic tool

Prevention and Treatment

DTaP vaccine is used, given with tetanus and pertussis
Treatment involves penicillin, erythromycin, and antitoxin to neutralize the toxin

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Description

Test your knowledge on Corynebacterium Diphtheria with questions about its general features such as club-shaped morphology, metachromatic granules, and lab diagnosis techniques like Tellurite plate culture. Identify characteristics like Gram-positive, non-spore forming nature and unique zig-zag shapes in this quiz.

Corynebacterium Diphtheria - Corazon de la Corrida Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential lethal effect of diphtheria?

What is the significance of the image depicting a man eating sausage links?

What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

Why is the text in a different language?

What is the significance of the syringes in the bull image?

What is the general shape of Corynebacterium Diphtheria described in the text?

Which staining characteristic is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria?

How does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria affect protein synthesis?

What type of exudate does Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection lead to in the oral pharynx?

Which feature is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria transmission as described in the text?

What clinical manifestation can Corynebacterium Diphtheria cause that leads to 'bulls neck'?

What is the primary mechanism by which the diphtheria toxin can lead to nerve deficits?

What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

What is the primary reason why immigrants are more likely to get diphtheria as mentioned in the text?

What is the primary purpose of the DTaP vaccine mentioned in the text?

What is the primary treatment approach for diphtheria infection based on the information provided in the text?

What is the mechanism by which the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria leads to cell death?

How does Corynebacterium Diphtheria's toxin affect elongation factor 2 (EF-2)?

Which media is commonly used for diagnosing Corynebacterium Diphtheria in the lab?

What type of exudate is typically seen in cases of Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection in the oral pharynx?

What is the main feature of Corynebacterium Diphtheria that contributes to its staining characteristics with aniline dyes?

In what way does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria impact protein synthesis?

Study Notes