Corynebacterium Diphtheria - Corazon de la Corrida Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential lethal effect of diphtheria?

  • Respiratory distress syndrome
  • Liver failure
  • Renal failure
  • Myocarditis leading to arrhythmias and heart block (correct)

    • What is the significance of the image depicting a man eating sausage links?

  • It represents the bacterial transmission through contaminated food.
  • It symbolizes the nerve damage caused by diphtheria toxin. (correct)
  • It illustrates the respiratory complications of diphtheria.
  • It signifies the need for a balanced diet during diphtheria treatment.

    • What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

  • To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the diphtheria bacteria.
  • To measure the antibody response to the diphtheria vaccine.
  • To diagnose diphtheria based on clinical symptoms.
  • To detect the presence of diphtheria toxin in vitro. (correct)

    • Why is the text in a different language?

    <p>To indicate that immigrants are more susceptible to diphtheria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the syringes in the bull image?

    <p>It symbolizes the need for vaccination against diphtheria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general shape of Corynebacterium Diphtheria described in the text?

    <p>Rod-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining characteristic is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria?

    <p>Metachromatic granules staining red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria affect protein synthesis?

    <p>Inhibits ribosome function by adding ADP-ribose to elongation factor 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exudate does Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection lead to in the oral pharynx?

    <p>Pseudomembranous exudate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is associated with Corynebacterium Diphtheria transmission as described in the text?

    <p>Respiratory droplets transmission from throat and tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical manifestation can Corynebacterium Diphtheria cause that leads to 'bulls neck'?

    <p>Thickening of the neck due to lymphadenopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the diphtheria toxin can lead to nerve deficits?

    <p>Damage to the myelin sheath of nerve fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Elek's test mentioned in the text?

    <p>To detect the presence of diphtheria toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why immigrants are more likely to get diphtheria as mentioned in the text?

    <p>They are less likely to have received the diphtheria vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the DTaP vaccine mentioned in the text?

    <p>To provide protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for diphtheria infection based on the information provided in the text?

    <p>Antibiotics and antitoxin to neutralize the diphtheria toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria leads to cell death?

    <p>Inhibition of ribosome function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Corynebacterium Diphtheria's toxin affect elongation factor 2 (EF-2)?

    <p>It ribosylates EF-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which media is commonly used for diagnosing Corynebacterium Diphtheria in the lab?

    <p>Tellurite agar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exudate is typically seen in cases of Corynebacterium Diphtheria infection in the oral pharynx?

    <p>Pseudomembranous exudate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of Corynebacterium Diphtheria that contributes to its staining characteristics with aniline dyes?

    <p>Metachromatic granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the toxin of Corynebacterium Diphtheria impact protein synthesis?

    <p>Prevents peptide bond formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Corynebacterium Diphtheria

    • Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria
    • Club-shaped and Y or V shaped (Moroccan shaped rods)
    • Metachromatic granules that stain with aniline dyes, staining red with the rest of the cell staining blue

    General Features

    • Lab diagnosis involves plating on Tellurite (CTBA) and Loefflers media agar
    • Bacteria forms a zig-zag shape

    Pathogenesis

    • Toxin has 2 subunits: A (active) and B (binding)
    • Toxin causes ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) by adding ADP-ribose, inhibiting ribosome function and protein synthesis, leading to cell death
    • Leads to pseudomembranous exudate in the oral pharynx
    • Can cause airway obstruction and lymphadenopathy, leading to "bulls neck" (thickening of the neck)

    Transmission

    • Infection is transmitted by respiratory droplets
    • Found in throat and tonsils

    Diseases

    • Can lead to myocarditis, resulting in arrhythmias and heart block
    • Damages the myelin of nerve fibers, causing neuropathy
    • Nerve deficits start in the posterior oropharynx, resulting in recurrent laryngeal palsy and lower limb polyneuritis

    Diagnosis

    • Eleks test: an in-vitro assay that detects toxin presence
    • ELISA is now used as a diagnostic tool

    Prevention and Treatment

    • DTaP vaccine is used, given with tetanus and pertussis
    • Treatment involves penicillin, erythromycin, and antitoxin to neutralize the toxin

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Corynebacterium Diphtheria with questions about its general features such as club-shaped morphology, metachromatic granules, and lab diagnosis techniques like Tellurite plate culture. Identify characteristics like Gram-positive, non-spore forming nature and unique zig-zag shapes in this quiz.

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