Non-Spore-Forming Gram-Positive Bacilli
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Questions and Answers

What are the characteristics of diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

  • Gastrointestinal illness with vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain
  • Neurological illness with paralysis and loss of sensation
  • Upper respiratory tract illness with sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity (correct)
  • Lower respiratory tract illness with cough, fever, and chest pain

    • Which of the following best describes the morphology of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

  • Aerobic club-shape, gram positive, non-spore forming, non-motile bacteria (correct)
  • Facultative anaerobic coccus, gram positive, spore-forming, non-motile bacteria
  • Aerobic rod-shaped, gram negative, non-spore forming, motile bacteria
  • Anaerobic spiral-shaped, gram negative, spore-forming, motile bacteria

    • Where are Corynebacteria commonly found in the human body?

  • Genitourinary tract
  • Oral cavity and intestines
  • Skin and nares (correct)
  • Lungs and bronchi

    • What is the causal agent of the disease diphtheria?

    <p>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What toxic effects can be caused by the diphtheria toxin produced by C. diphtheriae?

    <p>Myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diphtheria Characteristics

    • Diphtheria, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, primarily affects the throat and upper respiratory tract.
    • Symptoms include sore throat, fever, and malaise, often with the development of a pseudomembrane in the throat.
    • Complications can involve myocarditis, peripheral neuropathy, and respiratory obstruction.

    Morphology of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

    • Corynebacterium diphtheriae appears as club-shaped (bacilli) and is often found in V or Y shapes under microscopic examination.
    • It is gram-positive and exhibits palisade arrangement, which resembles Chinese letters in stained smears.

    Common Locations of Corynebacteria in the Human Body

    • Corynebacteria are commonly located in the skin, respiratory tract, and mucous membranes of healthy individuals.
    • They are part of the normal microbiota but can become pathogenic under certain conditions.

    Causal Agent of Diphtheria

    • The disease diphtheria is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
    • The pathogen produces a potent exotoxin that leads to the characteristic symptoms and complications of the disease.

    Toxic Effects of Diphtheria Toxin

    • Diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis in host cells, leading to cell death.
    • It can cause damage to various tissues, particularly in the heart (myocarditis) and nervous system (neuropathy).
    • The systemic effects can lead to severe complications, including heart failure and paralysis, if untreated.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of non-spore-forming gram-positive bacilli in this microbiology lecture quiz. Explore the characteristics and identification of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and other members of this diverse bacterial group.

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