Cortisol Effects on Metabolism Quiz

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During stress, which gland increases the secretion of glucocorticoid hormones like cortisol?

Adrenal cortex (correct)

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

What is the primary effect of cortisol during stress?

Suppression of growth hormone

Enhancement of reproductive hormones

Stimulation of gluconeogenesis (correct)

Inhibition of thyroid hormone production

In the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which stage is marked by the onset of diseases of adaptation?

Alarm stage

Stage of resistance or adaptation

Stage of exhaustion (correct)

Stage of acceptance

What initiates the stress response involving corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and cortisol?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which system is involved in initiating the stress response along with the endocrine system?

Sympathetic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What hormone suppresses reproduction, growth, and thyroid hormone during stress?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released in response to stress and plays a role in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

In the stress response, the pituitary gland releases hormones that act on which organ?

Adrenal cortex Signup and view all the answers

What effect does stress have on the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins?

Decrease Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of stress development involves the body mobilizing resources to respond to a perceived threat?

Alarm reaction Signup and view all the answers

In General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which phase follows the resistance stage if stress continues without relief?

Exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main hormone released during the alarm reaction stage of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone can act as an immunosuppressant by inhibiting protein synthesis and synthesis of immunoglobulin?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on protein metabolism?

Increases the rate of protein synthesis in the liver Signup and view all the answers

In which tissues does cortisol have catabolic effects?

Muscle and adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which cells can cortisol suppress that reduces the third line of defense in the immune system?

Macrophages and lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What physiological stressor is mentioned to include psychosocial distress?

Academic pressures Signup and view all the answers

What changes are associated with periods of depression and emotional upheaval according to the text?

Increased risk for ill health Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cortisol in the stress response?

Promoting inflammation and immune responses Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is primarily responsible for triggering the release of cortisol during stress?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic stress affect hormonal balance in the body?

Suppressing the immune system through decreased cytokine production Signup and view all the answers

In the stages of stress development, which phase involves initial exposure to a stressor and activation of the fight-or-flight response?

Alarm reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the body's overall response to stressors, involving alarm, resistance, and exhaustion phases?

General adaptation syndrome (GAS) Signup and view all the answers

In early stages of successful adaptive responses to stress, what might cells exhibit?

Enhanced function and activity Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell number?

Hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common example of pathologic hyperplasia mentioned in the text?

Proliferation of endometrial cells Signup and view all the answers

Which theme is NOT mentioned as important in understanding cell injury and cell death?

Extracellular events Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of hypoxia mentioned in the text?

Ischemia (reduced blood supply) Signup and view all the answers

Within what time frame does the heart muscle show signs of difficulty contracting after blood supply interruption?

1 minute Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a significant adaptive change in cells mentioned in the text?

Anaplasia (reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another) Signup and view all the answers

Cortisol Effects on Metabolism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

During stress, which gland increases the secretion of glucocorticoid hormones like cortisol?

What is the primary effect of cortisol during stress?

In the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which stage is marked by the onset of diseases of adaptation?

What initiates the stress response involving corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and cortisol?

Which system is involved in initiating the stress response along with the endocrine system?

What hormone suppresses reproduction, growth, and thyroid hormone during stress?

Which hormone is released in response to stress and plays a role in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

In the stress response, the pituitary gland releases hormones that act on which organ?

What effect does stress have on the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins?

Which stage of stress development involves the body mobilizing resources to respond to a perceived threat?

In General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), which phase follows the resistance stage if stress continues without relief?

What is the main hormone released during the alarm reaction stage of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?

Which hormone can act as an immunosuppressant by inhibiting protein synthesis and synthesis of immunoglobulin?

What is the effect of cortisol on protein metabolism?

In which tissues does cortisol have catabolic effects?

Which cells can cortisol suppress that reduces the third line of defense in the immune system?

What physiological stressor is mentioned to include psychosocial distress?

What changes are associated with periods of depression and emotional upheaval according to the text?

What is the main function of cortisol in the stress response?

Which gland is primarily responsible for triggering the release of cortisol during stress?

How does chronic stress affect hormonal balance in the body?

In the stages of stress development, which phase involves initial exposure to a stressor and activation of the fight-or-flight response?

Which term describes the body's overall response to stressors, involving alarm, resistance, and exhaustion phases?

In early stages of successful adaptive responses to stress, what might cells exhibit?

Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell number?

What is a common example of pathologic hyperplasia mentioned in the text?

Which theme is NOT mentioned as important in understanding cell injury and cell death?

What is the most common cause of hypoxia mentioned in the text?

Within what time frame does the heart muscle show signs of difficulty contracting after blood supply interruption?

Which is NOT a significant adaptive change in cells mentioned in the text?

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