Cortical Growth and Lateralisation.

Language Processing

• The language processing area is specialized in the cerebral cortex.

Brain Structures and Functions

• The corpus callosum facilitates the integration of information between the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.
• The cerebellum is involved in balance and motor movements.
• The hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory formation.

Myelination

• Myelination in the reticular formation is completed by age 2.
• The completion of myelination in the hippocampus by age 5 is likely to explain the improved ability to form and retain memories.

Spatial Reasoning and Hemispheric Specialization

• The right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for spatial reasoning and processing information in a holistic, integrative way.
• The term for the specialization of the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex is lateralization.
• The corpus callosum connects the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.

Memory Transfer

• The hippocampus is involved in the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.