Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which group is at the highest risk for a cardiac event within 10 years?
Which group is at the highest risk for a cardiac event within 10 years?
- Individuals with a family history of coronary artery disease
- Individuals with existing coronary artery disease (correct)
- Individuals under 40 years of age
- Individuals with hypertension and high cholesterol
What is a primary cause of coronary atherosclerosis?
What is a primary cause of coronary atherosclerosis?
- Age-related muscle loss
- Increased physical activity
- Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables
- Abnormal accumulation of lipid deposits (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a nonmodifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?
Which of the following is NOT a nonmodifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?
- Gender
- Family history of CAD
- Increased age
- Cigarette smoking (correct)
Which demographic group shows a higher incidence of heart disease?
Which demographic group shows a higher incidence of heart disease?
What condition is considered the most prevalent cardiovascular disease in adults?
What condition is considered the most prevalent cardiovascular disease in adults?
What is the most common symptom of myocardial ischemia?
What is the most common symptom of myocardial ischemia?
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?
Which lipid profile indicator is recommended to be less than 100 mg/dL for optimal heart health?
Which lipid profile indicator is recommended to be less than 100 mg/dL for optimal heart health?
What is an atypical symptom of myocardial ischemia that may be experienced by older adults?
What is an atypical symptom of myocardial ischemia that may be experienced by older adults?
Which group is more likely to have atypical symptoms of myocardial ischemia?
Which group is more likely to have atypical symptoms of myocardial ischemia?
What percentage of total calories should come from saturated fat according to dietary measures?
What percentage of total calories should come from saturated fat according to dietary measures?
Which of the following conditions is associated with symptoms stemming from myocardial ischemia?
Which of the following conditions is associated with symptoms stemming from myocardial ischemia?
Which of the following recommendations relates to total cholesterol for heart health?
Which of the following recommendations relates to total cholesterol for heart health?
Study Notes
Coronary Atherosclerosis
- Characterized by abnormal lipid and fibrous tissue buildup within artery walls, leading to blockage and reduced blood flow
- Leading cause of death for men and women across various racial and ethnic groups
- Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is highest among adults
Causes of Coronary Artery Disease
Non-modifiable Risk Factors
- Family history: First-degree relative with cardiovascular disease at 55 years or younger for men and 65 years or younger for women
- Age: Higher risk for those over 45 (men) and 55 (women)
- Gender: Men experience CAD at an earlier age than women
- Race: Higher incidence in African Americans compared to Caucasians
Modifiable Risk Factors
- Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)
- Cigarette smoking and tobacco use
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Diabetes
- Metabolic syndrome
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
Clinical Manifestations of Coronary Atherosclerosis
- Myocardial ischemia symptoms are the primary manifestation
- Symptoms and complications depend on the severity and location of the obstruction
- Angina pectoris (chest pain)
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Heart failure
- Sudden cardiac death
Prevention of Coronary Atherosclerosis
- Controlling cholesterol abnormalities:
- LDL cholesterol less than 100 mg/dL (less than 70 mg/dL for high-risk)
- Total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dL
- HDL cholesterol greater than 40 mg/dL (men) and 50 mg/dL (women)
- Triglycerides less than 150 mg/dL
Dietary Measures
- Balance calorie intake with expenditure
- Total fat intake should be between 25-35% of total calories
- Saturated fat should be limited
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Description
This quiz explores the key aspects of coronary atherosclerosis, including its characteristics, causes, and risk factors. Participants will learn about non-modifiable and modifiable risks, as well as the clinical manifestations associated with the condition. Ideal for those studying cardiovascular diseases and health sciences.
