Coronary Arteries and Heart Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT typically supplied with blood by the right coronary artery?

  • Right Ventricle
  • Right Atrium
  • Interventricular Septum
  • Left Ventricle (correct)

The anterior interventricular coronary artery, also known as the LAD, is a direct continuation of the right coronary artery.

False (B)

What is the clinical significance of anastomoses between coronary arteries?

Provide alternate routes for blood flow in case of occlusion.

The dominance of the heart's blood supply is determined by which artery branches to form the __________ coronary artery.

<p>posterior interventricular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each cardiac vein to the area it primarily drains:

<p>Great Cardiac Vein = Left Atrium Middle Cardiac Vein = Both Ventricles Small Cardiac Vein = Right Atrium and Right Ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an angiogram reveals a complete occlusion of the proximal right coronary artery, which of the following structures is most immediately at risk of ischemia?

<p>Sinoatrial Node (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The coronary sinus directly drains deoxygenated blood into the left atrium.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why slow occlusion of a coronary artery may be less immediately life-threatening than a sudden occlusion.

<p>Slow occlusion allows for the development of collateral circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The left coronary artery typically branches into the anterior interventricular artery (LAD) and the __________ artery.

<p>circumflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with a blockage in the middle cardiac vein. This blockage would most directly impede drainage from which of the following areas of the heart?

<p>Both Ventricles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Coronary Arteries

Arteries originating from the aorta that supply blood to the heart muscle.

Right Coronary Artery

Supplies blood to the right atrium, right ventricle, interventricular septum, and sinoatrial node.

Posterior Interventricular Artery

A branch of the right coronary artery on the posterior side between the ventricles.

Anterior Interventricular Artery (LAD)

Branches from the left coronary artery and is located in the anterior groove between the ventricles.

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Circumflex Artery

Supplies blood to the left ventricle and left atrium.

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Anastomoses in Coronary Arteries

Connections between blood vessels that provide alternate routes for blood flow.

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Coronary Artery Occlusion

Blockage of a coronary artery, leading to reduced blood flow.

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Cardiac Veins

Vessels draining the myocardium.

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Great Cardiac Vein

Drains the left atrium and runs in the anterior sulcus between ventricles.

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Coronary Sinus

Receives blood from cardiac veins and empties into the right atrium.

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Study Notes

Coronary Arteries

  • The heart model in the lab exhibits a typical arrangement of coronary arteries, that mirrors what is in textbooks, but human hearts have variability in this layout.
  • The two main coronary arteries originate from the aorta, superior to the valve.
  • Blood pushed out of the heart fills the coronary arteries.
  • The right coronary artery is initially obscured by the right auricle.
  • The right coronary artery supplies blood to the right atrium, right ventricle, interventricular septum, and sinoatrial node.
  • The posterior Interventricular coronary artery is a branch of the right coronary artery, located on the posterior side between the ventricles.
  • The left coronary artery is hidden by the pulmonary trunk and the left auricle.
  • The left coronary artery branches quickly to form the anterior interventricular coronary artery
  • This is often abbreviated to the LAD (left anterior descending coronary artery).
  • The anterior interventricular coronary artery is located in the anterior groove between the ventricles.
  • The circumflex artery supplies blood to the left ventricle and left atrium.
  • Marginal branches come off of both the right coronary artery and the circumflex artery.
  • The anterior and posterior interventricular coronary arteries connect, forming an anastomosis.
  • There are two other anastomoses between coronary arteries in the heart, that form alternate routes of blood flow.
  • Occlusion of coronary arteries leads to ischemia and potential heart problems.
  • Slow occlusion may allow collateral circulation to develop.
  • Dominance is defined by which artery branches to the posterior interventricular coronary artery, either the right coronary artery, the left coronary artery, or both in a co-dominant system.
  • Coronary arteries are named for forming a "crown" around the heart.
  • Angiograms, using radio-opaque dye, allow visualization of coronary artery patterns to check for occlusions.

Cardiac Veins

  • Cardiac veins drain the myocardium.
  • The great cardiac vein runs in the anterior sulcus between ventricles and drains the left atrium.
  • The middle cardiac vein is located on the posterior side and drains both ventricles.
  • The small cardiac vein runs between the right atrium and right ventricle.
  • Great, middle, and small cardiac veins drain into the coronary sinus.
  • The coronary sinus drains deoxygenated blood into the right atrium.
  • A valve exists between the coronary sinus and the right atrium.

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