Controlling Microbial Growth in Vitro Culturing Bacteria Quiz

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What is the ideal condition when a cell is suspended in a solution?

The pressure inside the cell fluctuates depending on the solution.
The pressure inside the cell is greater than the pressure outside the cell.
The pressure inside the cell is equal to the pressure outside the cell. (correct)
The pressure inside the cell is less than the pressure outside the cell.

What happens when a cell is in a hypertonic solution?

Water enters the cell, causing the cell to swell.
Water leaves the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to swell.
Water leaves the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to shrink. (correct)
Water enters the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

What is the term used to describe the escape of cytoplasm from a cell with a rigid cell wall?

Crenation
Hemolysis
Plasmoptysis (correct)
Plasmolysis

Which type of microbe prefers a salty environment?

Halophilic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal atmospheric pressure that most bacteria are not affected by?

14.7 psi (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria requires a reduced concentration of oxygen?

Microaerophiles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate generation time of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

18 to 24 hours (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding agar to liquid media?

To solidify the media so it can be poured into tubes or petri dishes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a chemically defined medium and a complex medium?

Chemically defined media contain only known, added components, while complex media contain unknown extracts from natural sources. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an enriched medium like blood agar or chocolate agar?

To promote the growth of fastidious organisms that have complex nutritional requirements. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between liquid (broth) media and solid media?

Liquid media are contained in tubes, while solid media are poured into petri dishes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria must be inoculated into a live animal, embryonated chicken eggs, or cell cultures to grow?

Obligate intracellular pathogens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which bacteria divide and multiply?

Binary fission (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects microbial growth?

Electromagnetic radiation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe microorganisms that grow best at high temperatures?

Thermophiles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest temperature at which a bacterium has been found living, according to the text?

$113^\circ\text{C}$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a mound or pile of bacteria containing millions of cells?

Colony (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about water and microbial growth is NOT true?

All microorganisms require the same amount of water for growth. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization completely destroys all living organisms, while disinfection targets pathogens on nonliving objects. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is specifically used to disinfect liquids like milk?

Pasteurization (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are disinfectants primarily used for?

Destroying or removing pathogens in nonliving objects (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agent is specifically required to kill bacterial endospores?

Sporicidal agents (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do bactericidal agents specifically target?

Only bacteria but not endospores (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agent would be most effective against Pseudomonas spp?

Pseudomonicidal agent (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a microbistatic agent?

An agent that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lyophilization (freeze-drying)?

To preserve microorganisms for future use or study (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between sepsis and asepsis?

Sepsis refers to the presence of pathogens, while asepsis refers to the absence of pathogens (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a disinfectant and an antiseptic?

Disinfectants are used to kill pathogens, while antiseptics are used to prevent infection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of moist heat sterilization over dry heat sterilization?

Moist heat is faster and more effective than dry heat (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the autoclave?

To completely destroy all microbial life (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of slow freezing as a method of preserving bacteria?

Slow freezing causes ice crystals that can damage bacterial cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of flaming metal forceps and wire loops in a microbiology lab?

To sterilize the equipment (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using sterile technique?

To exclude all microorganisms from a particular area (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of refreezing thawed foods?

To preserve the millions of microbes that might be present, leading to rapid deterioration of the food (A) Signup and view all the answers