Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of direct contact transmission?
Which of the following is an example of direct contact transmission?
- Contaminated water
- Sharing a drinking cup
- Airborne droplets
- Touching (correct)
What is a fomite?
What is a fomite?
- A respiratory droplet
- A type of bacteria
- A disease-carrying animal
- A nonliving object that transmits pathogens (correct)
Respiratory droplets that transmit infectious agents typically travel how far?
Respiratory droplets that transmit infectious agents typically travel how far?
- Up to 10 meters
- Up to 5 meters
- More than 1 meter
- Less than 1 meter (correct)
Which of the following is transmitted through untreated sewage?
Which of the following is transmitted through untreated sewage?
Which bodily fluid is a transmission source?
Which bodily fluid is a transmission source?
Mosquitoes are an example of what?
Mosquitoes are an example of what?
What do mechanical vectors do?
What do mechanical vectors do?
What is another name for healthcare-associated infections?
What is another name for healthcare-associated infections?
Where are healthcare-associated infections acquired?
Where are healthcare-associated infections acquired?
What is an Exogenous HAI?
What is an Exogenous HAI?
What is an Iatrogenic HAI?
What is an Iatrogenic HAI?
Kissing is an example of what type of transmission?
Kissing is an example of what type of transmission?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a fomite?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a fomite?
Airborne transmission involves organisms traveling how far?
Airborne transmission involves organisms traveling how far?
Which of these diseases is commonly associated with food-borne transmission?
Which of these diseases is commonly associated with food-borne transmission?
Which bodily fluid is least likely to transmit disease in a typical scenario?
Which bodily fluid is least likely to transmit disease in a typical scenario?
Ticks are examples of what kind of vector?
Ticks are examples of what kind of vector?
Flies transmit disease by:
Flies transmit disease by:
Healthcare-associated infections are typically contracted:
Healthcare-associated infections are typically contracted:
An infection caused by a catheter is categorized as:
An infection caused by a catheter is categorized as:
Which is the least likely means of transmission for the common cold?
Which is the least likely means of transmission for the common cold?
Which is least likely to be a fomite?
Which is least likely to be a fomite?
Someone coughs nearby. By what transmission method could you contract their illness?
Someone coughs nearby. By what transmission method could you contract their illness?
What is the MOST effective way to prevent the spread of infection by fomites?
What is the MOST effective way to prevent the spread of infection by fomites?
Which arthropod would be a biological vector?
Which arthropod would be a biological vector?
Which population is most at risk for nosocomial infections?
Which population is most at risk for nosocomial infections?
What is the source of Endogenous HAIs?
What is the source of Endogenous HAIs?
What can cause an Iatrogenic HAI?
What can cause an Iatrogenic HAI?
Which infection is transmitted by droplet transmission?
Which infection is transmitted by droplet transmission?
What is Salmonella?
What is Salmonella?
What is a disease transmitted by Biological Vectors?
What is a disease transmitted by Biological Vectors?
Droplet transmission is contracted when droplets travel...
Droplet transmission is contracted when droplets travel...
What is Cholera?
What is Cholera?
What is a direct way to spread infection?
What is a direct way to spread infection?
What is considered indirect transmission?
What is considered indirect transmission?
Flashcards
Direct Physical Contact
Direct Physical Contact
Transmission between hosts without an intermediate object, like touching or kissing.
Indirect Contact
Indirect Contact
Transmission via a nonliving object like tissues or toys.
Droplet Transmission
Droplet Transmission
Infectious agents transmitted via respiratory droplets traveling less than a meter.
Airborne Transmission
Airborne Transmission
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Water-borne and Food-borne Transmission
Water-borne and Food-borne Transmission
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Bodily Fluid Transmission
Bodily Fluid Transmission
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Vector Transmission
Vector Transmission
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Biological Vectors
Biological Vectors
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Mechanical Vectors
Mechanical Vectors
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Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs)
Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs)
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Exogenous HAIs
Exogenous HAIs
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Endogenous HAIs
Endogenous HAIs
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Iatrogenic HAIs
Iatrogenic HAIs
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Study Notes
- Contact transmission involves the spread of pathogens between hosts.
Direct Physical Contact
- This occurs directly between hosts without any intermediate object.
- Examples include touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse.
- Diseases spread this way include respiratory tract infections, staphylococcal infections, measles, scarlet fever, and STDs.
Indirect Contact
- This happens when a pathogen is transmitted via a fomite, which is a nonliving object.
- Fomites include tissues, handkerchiefs, towels, bedding, toys, clothes, diapers, eating utensils, drinking cups, medical equipment, and devices.
Droplet Transmission
- Infectious agents spread via respiratory droplets.
- The range of travel for these organisms is less than one meter.
Airborne Transmission
- Occurs when organisms travel more than one meter.
Water-borne & Food-borne Transmission
- This involves the spread of pathogens through untreated or poorly treated sewage and undercooked or unsanitarily prepared foods.
- Diseases transmitted this way include giardiasis, amebic dysentery, cholera, shigellosis, and Hepatitis A & E.
Bodily Fluid Transmission
- This includes transmission via blood, urine, saliva, and other bodily fluids.
Vector Transmission
- This involves animals, especially arthropods, in transmitting diseases.
- Biological vectors: These are biting insects like mosquitoes, ticks, lice, fleas, and blood-sucking flies.
- Mechanical vectors: These passively carry agents to a new host on their feet or other body parts.
Healthcare Associated (Nosocomial) Infections
- These are infections acquired in a hospital or hospital-like setting.
- HAIs are among the top 10 leading causes of death in the United States.
- Annually, 99,000 patients in the United States die from nosocomial infections.
Types of Nosocomial Infections
- Exogenous HAIs: These are caused by pathogens in the healthcare environment, often shed by sick people.
- Endogenous HAIs: These are caused by microbes within the patient's normal flora.
- Iatrogenic HAIs: These result from medical procedures like catheter use and invasive diagnostic procedures.
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