Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following disciplines focuses primarily on the study of groups, offering insights into consumer behavior within social contexts?
Which of the following disciplines focuses primarily on the study of groups, offering insights into consumer behavior within social contexts?
- Economics
- Social Psychology
- Sociology (correct)
- Psychology
A marketing team is developing a campaign to highlight the 'gap' between consumers' current cell phones and a new model with advanced features. Which stage of the consumer decision-making process are they primarily targeting?
A marketing team is developing a campaign to highlight the 'gap' between consumers' current cell phones and a new model with advanced features. Which stage of the consumer decision-making process are they primarily targeting?
- Information Search
- Evaluation of Alternatives
- Need Recognition (correct)
- Purchase Decision
A consumer is considering buying a new laptop. They first consult their memory for brands they've had positive experiences with, then research online reviews for those brands. What types of information search are they conducting, respectively?
A consumer is considering buying a new laptop. They first consult their memory for brands they've had positive experiences with, then research online reviews for those brands. What types of information search are they conducting, respectively?
- External, then Internal
- Internal, then External (correct)
- Marketer-controlled, then Non-marketer controlled
- Non-marketer controlled, then Marketer-controlled
Which discipline studies the rational evaluation of alternatives, providing a framework for understanding how consumers make choices?
Which discipline studies the rational evaluation of alternatives, providing a framework for understanding how consumers make choices?
A consumer decides to only consider brands of cars that have a fuel efficiency of at least 30 miles per gallon when purchasing a new car. What type of evaluation is the consumer using?
A consumer decides to only consider brands of cars that have a fuel efficiency of at least 30 miles per gallon when purchasing a new car. What type of evaluation is the consumer using?
Which scenario exemplifies a marketer leveraging 'internal stimuli' to trigger need recognition in consumers?
Which scenario exemplifies a marketer leveraging 'internal stimuli' to trigger need recognition in consumers?
What is the most accurate way to describe the 'Evoked Set' in the consumer decision-making process?
What is the most accurate way to describe the 'Evoked Set' in the consumer decision-making process?
A researcher is studying how peer pressure influences teenagers' purchasing decisions on clothing brands. Which field of study is MOST relevant to this research?
A researcher is studying how peer pressure influences teenagers' purchasing decisions on clothing brands. Which field of study is MOST relevant to this research?
Which of the following marketing tactics is MOST effective for low-involvement product purchases?
Which of the following marketing tactics is MOST effective for low-involvement product purchases?
A company aims to enhance its customer decision-making process. Which capability focuses on adapting interactions to the customer's current stage in their purchasing journey?
A company aims to enhance its customer decision-making process. Which capability focuses on adapting interactions to the customer's current stage in their purchasing journey?
A marketing manager is analyzing cultural factors influencing consumer behavior. Which factor represents the broadest and deepest influence?
A marketing manager is analyzing cultural factors influencing consumer behavior. Which factor represents the broadest and deepest influence?
A company is launching a new product and wants to leverage social influence. Which social factor involves individuals whose opinions are respected and followed by others?
A company is launching a new product and wants to leverage social influence. Which social factor involves individuals whose opinions are respected and followed by others?
Which of the Big Five personality traits is characterized by attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, and affection?
Which of the Big Five personality traits is characterized by attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, and affection?
According to the Big Five model of personality, which trait is MOST associated with emotional instability, anxiety, and moodiness?
According to the Big Five model of personality, which trait is MOST associated with emotional instability, anxiety, and moodiness?
A consumer consistently makes thoughtful, planned purchases, pays attention to detail, and demonstrates excellent impulse control. Which of the Big Five personality traits BEST describes this consumer?
A consumer consistently makes thoughtful, planned purchases, pays attention to detail, and demonstrates excellent impulse control. Which of the Big Five personality traits BEST describes this consumer?
A person who scores high on "Openness" in the Big Five personality traits is MOST likely to exhibit which of the following characteristics?
A person who scores high on "Openness" in the Big Five personality traits is MOST likely to exhibit which of the following characteristics?
A consumer is considering purchasing a new laptop. They have owned laptops before but are unsure which brand or features best suit their current needs. Which type of buying decision is this MOST likely to be?
A consumer is considering purchasing a new laptop. They have owned laptops before but are unsure which brand or features best suit their current needs. Which type of buying decision is this MOST likely to be?
A marketing manager is launching a new line of luxury watches. Considering the factors influencing consumer buying decisions, what promotional strategy would be MOST effective for this high-involvement product?
A marketing manager is launching a new line of luxury watches. Considering the factors influencing consumer buying decisions, what promotional strategy would be MOST effective for this high-involvement product?
A consumer buys the same brand of coffee every week without much thought. This is an example of what type of consumer buying decision?
A consumer buys the same brand of coffee every week without much thought. This is an example of what type of consumer buying decision?
A consumer is torn between two equally appealing brands of smartphones after doing extensive research. They eventually make a purchase, but afterward, they experience a sense of unease and wonder if they made the right choice. This feeling is BEST described as:
A consumer is torn between two equally appealing brands of smartphones after doing extensive research. They eventually make a purchase, but afterward, they experience a sense of unease and wonder if they made the right choice. This feeling is BEST described as:
Which factor is LEAST likely to increase a consumer's involvement in a purchasing decision?
Which factor is LEAST likely to increase a consumer's involvement in a purchasing decision?
A consumer unexpectedly decides to buy a candy bar while waiting in the checkout line at a grocery store. This type of purchase is BEST described as:
A consumer unexpectedly decides to buy a candy bar while waiting in the checkout line at a grocery store. This type of purchase is BEST described as:
A consumer recently purchased a high-end television. To reduce potential cognitive dissonance, what action should the seller take?
A consumer recently purchased a high-end television. To reduce potential cognitive dissonance, what action should the seller take?
Which scenario BEST exemplifies 'situational involvement' in a purchase decision?
Which scenario BEST exemplifies 'situational involvement' in a purchase decision?
Why is understanding consumer behavior crucial for marketing managers?
Why is understanding consumer behavior crucial for marketing managers?
A bottled water company wants to create a marketing strategy that attracts attention through word-of-mouth. Which approach aligns best with this goal, considering the principles of unconventional marketing?
A bottled water company wants to create a marketing strategy that attracts attention through word-of-mouth. Which approach aligns best with this goal, considering the principles of unconventional marketing?
What is the primary objective of in-class reading assignments (IRA) as described?
What is the primary objective of in-class reading assignments (IRA) as described?
A company is trying to segment its market for a new line of organic snacks. Which of the following reflects an understanding of consumer behavior that would be most helpful in this segmentation?
A company is trying to segment its market for a new line of organic snacks. Which of the following reflects an understanding of consumer behavior that would be most helpful in this segmentation?
A marketing team discovers that their target consumers are heavily influenced by online reviews and recommendations from social media influencers. Based on the factors affecting consumer behavior, which area should the marketing team focus on to leverage this?
A marketing team discovers that their target consumers are heavily influenced by online reviews and recommendations from social media influencers. Based on the factors affecting consumer behavior, which area should the marketing team focus on to leverage this?
A company is launching a new product and wants to minimize uncertainty in their marketing efforts. How can they best apply the principles of consumer behavior to achieve this?
A company is launching a new product and wants to minimize uncertainty in their marketing efforts. How can they best apply the principles of consumer behavior to achieve this?
When does the provided content suggest that marketing effectively 'has a home for everyone'?
When does the provided content suggest that marketing effectively 'has a home for everyone'?
A marketing manager is puzzled by inconsistent sales figures. How might a better understanding of consumer behavior help resolve this issue?
A marketing manager is puzzled by inconsistent sales figures. How might a better understanding of consumer behavior help resolve this issue?
A marketing team is developing an advertising campaign for a new luxury watch. How might they effectively use Maslow's hierarchy of needs to target potential customers?
A marketing team is developing an advertising campaign for a new luxury watch. How might they effectively use Maslow's hierarchy of needs to target potential customers?
A consumer sees an advertisement for a brand of coffee they dislike but only remembers the positive aspects of the commercial. Which psychological process is most likely at play?
A consumer sees an advertisement for a brand of coffee they dislike but only remembers the positive aspects of the commercial. Which psychological process is most likely at play?
A car company is trying to encourage repeat purchases through a loyalty program that rewards customers with discounts and exclusive services. Which type of learning are they primarily trying to utilize?
A car company is trying to encourage repeat purchases through a loyalty program that rewards customers with discounts and exclusive services. Which type of learning are they primarily trying to utilize?
A person who strongly identifies with environmental conservation consistently dismisses data suggesting that their favorite electric car has a significant carbon footprint due to battery production. Which psychological factor is influencing their interpretation of this information?
A person who strongly identifies with environmental conservation consistently dismisses data suggesting that their favorite electric car has a significant carbon footprint due to battery production. Which psychological factor is influencing their interpretation of this information?
A consumer purchases a new brand of running shoes and finds that they improve their running performance. This experience leads them to exclusively buy this brand in the future. What type of learning is demonstrated?
A consumer purchases a new brand of running shoes and finds that they improve their running performance. This experience leads them to exclusively buy this brand in the future. What type of learning is demonstrated?
How does the concept of 'ideal self-image' most directly influence consumer behavior?
How does the concept of 'ideal self-image' most directly influence consumer behavior?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the use of operant conditioning in a marketing strategy?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the use of operant conditioning in a marketing strategy?
A consumer is consistently exposed to advertisements for a particular brand of athletic wear on their social media feed, even though they have never searched for or shown interest in those products. Which psychological process explains why they start to recognize the brand and consider purchasing it solely based on the repeated exposure.
A consumer is consistently exposed to advertisements for a particular brand of athletic wear on their social media feed, even though they have never searched for or shown interest in those products. Which psychological process explains why they start to recognize the brand and consider purchasing it solely based on the repeated exposure.
How does operant conditioning relate to marketing strategies?
How does operant conditioning relate to marketing strategies?
In classical conditioning, how do marketers leverage associations to influence consumer behavior?
In classical conditioning, how do marketers leverage associations to influence consumer behavior?
Which of the following exemplifies guerrilla marketing's primary goal?
Which of the following exemplifies guerrilla marketing's primary goal?
What is a key advantage of guerrilla marketing in comparison to traditional advertising methods?
What is a key advantage of guerrilla marketing in comparison to traditional advertising methods?
When planning a guerrilla marketing campaign, what critical consideration helps avoid potential misinterpretation or negative backlash?
When planning a guerrilla marketing campaign, what critical consideration helps avoid potential misinterpretation or negative backlash?
A company is launching a global guerrilla marketing initiative. What caution should they prioritize to ensure its success?
A company is launching a global guerrilla marketing initiative. What caution should they prioritize to ensure its success?
A local bookstore wants to create a marketing campaign that fosters customer loyalty at all stages of the consumer decision journey. Which approach aligns with this goal?
A local bookstore wants to create a marketing campaign that fosters customer loyalty at all stages of the consumer decision journey. Which approach aligns with this goal?
A new tech startup aims to rapidly shift consumer perception of their brand as innovative and user-friendly. Which guerrilla marketing tactic would be most effective?
A new tech startup aims to rapidly shift consumer perception of their brand as innovative and user-friendly. Which guerrilla marketing tactic would be most effective?
Flashcards
Psychology
Psychology
The study of the individual.
Sociology
Sociology
The study of groups.
Social Psychology
Social Psychology
The study of how individuals operate within or are influenced by groups.
Anthropology
Anthropology
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Economics
Economics
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Need Recognition
Need Recognition
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Information Search
Information Search
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Evoked Set
Evoked Set
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Purchase Decision
Purchase Decision
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Postpurchase Satisfaction
Postpurchase Satisfaction
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Cognitive Dissonance
Cognitive Dissonance
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Routine Response Behavior
Routine Response Behavior
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Limited Decision Making
Limited Decision Making
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Extensive Decision Making
Extensive Decision Making
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Involvement
Involvement
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High-Involvement Promotions
High-Involvement Promotions
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Consumer Behavior
Consumer Behavior
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Importance of Understanding Consumer Behavior
Importance of Understanding Consumer Behavior
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Guerrilla Marketing
Guerrilla Marketing
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Defining Target Markets
Defining Target Markets
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Cultural Factors
Cultural Factors
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Social Factors
Social Factors
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Individual Factors
Individual Factors
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Psychological Factors
Psychological Factors
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Low-Involvement Product Promotion
Low-Involvement Product Promotion
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Automation (customer journey)
Automation (customer journey)
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Proactive Personalization
Proactive Personalization
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Contextualized Interactions
Contextualized Interactions
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Culture (influencing buying decisions)
Culture (influencing buying decisions)
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Subculture
Subculture
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Social Class
Social Class
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"The Big Five" Personality Traits
"The Big Five" Personality Traits
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Self-Concept
Self-Concept
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Lifestyle
Lifestyle
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Selective Exposure
Selective Exposure
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Selective Distortion
Selective Distortion
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Selective Retention
Selective Retention
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Experiential Learning
Experiential Learning
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Conceptual Learning
Conceptual Learning
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Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
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Operant Conditioning in Marketing
Operant Conditioning in Marketing
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Stimulus Generalization
Stimulus Generalization
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Stimulus Discrimination
Stimulus Discrimination
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Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
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Benefit of Guerrilla Marketing
Benefit of Guerrilla Marketing
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Caution of Guerrilla Marketing
Caution of Guerrilla Marketing
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Influences on Consumer Behavior
Influences on Consumer Behavior
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Study Notes
- Consumer behavior involves the processes consumers use to make purchase decisions, as well as how they use and dispose of goods or services.
- Understanding consumer behavior helps marketing managers reduce uncertainty when defining target markets and designing marketing mixes.
- Marketing is a very inclusive discipline and borrows from a wide range of theories and skills.
Consumer Decision-Making Process
- Steps include need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase, and post-purchase behavior.
- Cultural, social, individual, and psychological factors affect all steps.
- Need recognition is the result of an imbalance between actual and desired states, triggered by internal or external stimuli.
- Marketers can highlight "gaps" between the consumer's present and preferred state to motivate action.
- Information search can be internal (recalling from memory) or external (seeking information from outside sources).
- The evoked set is the group of brands resulting from information search.
- Consumers use criteria to compare options, evaluating based on attributes and weighted based on importance.
- Environmental, internal, and external factors influence the evaluation of alternatives.
- Different ways consumers can evaluate products include narrowing choices by product attribute, categorizing products as like or dislike and relation of price of product in relation to its value.
- Purchase decisions consider whether to buy, when, what, where, and how to pay.
- Types of purchases include planned, partially planned, and impulse.
- Satisfaction in post-purchase behavior depends on how well expectations are met.
- Cognitive dissonance is inner tension when behavior conflicts with values or opinions.
- Marketers can reduce doubts about the purchase decision through post-purchase communications and excellent customer service.
Types of Consumer Buying Decisions
- Routine response behavior involves frequently purchased goods or services with low cost and low involvement.
- Limited decision making involves a moderate amount of time to gather information and deliberate (e.g., unfamiliar brand in a familiar product category) with moderate involvement.
- Extensive decision making involves buying an unfamiliar, expensive product, requires use of several criteria for evaluating options and much time for seeking information with high involvement.
- Factors determining involvement include previous experience, interest, perceived risk, and social visibility.
- High involvement means that a specific good or service is relevant and important to the buyer.
- Product or product category are relevant for the individual.
- Situations can temporarily make a decision very important.
- The emotional aspect during consumption activity is important.
- In-store promotion and targeted mobile ads, as well as packaging and displays, are important tools for low involvement.
- Extensive and informative promotions are implemented for High-involvement product purchases.
Reconceptualizing the Consumer Decision-Making Process
- Classic journey involves an extended consideration and evaluation phase before entering the loyalty loop or a new round of consideration/evaluation.
- New journey compresses the consider step and shortens/eliminates the evaluate step, delivering customers directly into the loyalty loop.
- Four key capabilities for companies to redefine the decision-making process are automation, proactive personalization, contextualized interactions, and journey innovation.
Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Decisions
- Cultural factors are sets of values, norms, and attitudes shaping behavior and has the broadest influence.
- Subculture refers to a homogeneous group sharing elements of overall culture and unique elements.
- Social class is a typically measured by occupation, income, education, and wealth.
- Social factors: Reference groups, formal and informal, influencing behavior.
Individual Factors
- Include gender, age and life-cycle stage, personality, self-concept, and lifestyle.
- Personality traits are inherited/formed early and influence purchasing behavior.
- The "Big Five" personality traits are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness.
Physiological Factors
- Perception is a process where a consumer notices certain stimuli.
- Selective exposure is a process whereby a consumer notices certain stimuli and ignores others.
- Consumers change or distort information when it conflicts with their feelings.
- Consumers only remember information that supports their personal beliefs.
- Experiential learning occurs when an experience changes behavior and conceptual learning is based on reasoning and is not acquired through direct experience.
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a framework to design marketing strategies that resonate with fundamental human needs.
Guerrilla Marketing
- Is an unconventional marketing technique intended to get maximum results from minimal resources.
- Relies on surprise, uniqueness, and consumer psychology to create memorable experiences
- Benefits include bypassing consumer defensiveness, creating emotional connections, encouraging engagement, leveraging social influence, and changing perceptions quickly and effectively.
- Considerations include aligning with target audience values, risks of misinterpretation, understanding cultural nuances, and complementing traditional efforts.
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