Congenital Heart Defects: Acyanotic Exemplars Quiz

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What is the difference between Acquired and Congenital Heart Defects?

Acquired defects are present at birth, while Congenital defects occur in normal hearts.

Acquired defects are caused by maternal factors, while Congenital defects are due to chemical agents.

Acquired defects are genetic while Congenital defects can result from infections and other factors.

Acquired defects are a result of infections, autoimmune factors, and genetic factors, while Congenital defects are present at birth. (correct)

Which of the following exemplars fall under the category of Increased pulmonary blood flow disorders?

Atrial Septal Defect (correct)

Tetralogy of Fallot

Transposition of the Great Vessels

Coarctation of the Aorta

What is the lead cause of acquired heart disease discussed in the text?

Ventricular Septal Defect

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Kawasaki Disease (correct)

Which disease is described as an inflammatory disease occurring as a reaction to Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection?

Rheumatic Heart Disease Signup and view all the answers

Which defect falls under the category of Obstructive Disorders?

Coarctation of the Aorta Signup and view all the answers

When does Kawasaki Disease typically occur following an untreated or partially treated upper respiratory infection?

Within 2-6 weeks after the infection Signup and view all the answers

Which condition affects the cardiovascular system and can lead to a coronary artery aneurysm?

Rheumatic Heart Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the earliest indication of cystic fibrosis in a newborn?

Meconium ileus Signup and view all the answers

Why are antihistamines contraindicated in cystic fibrosis patients?

They dry up mucus, making expectoration difficult Signup and view all the answers

What test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis based on sodium and chloride levels?

Elevated Sweat Chloride Test Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is found in excess in the sweat, tears, and saliva of individuals with cystic fibrosis?

Sodium and chloride Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pancreatic enzymes in cystic fibrosis management?

Assist in digestion due to pancreatic insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to implement multidisciplinary patient-centered care for individuals with cystic fibrosis?

To maintain emotional support and involve patients in healthcare decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common gastrointestinal symptom of cystic fibrosis related to stools?

Bulky stools Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine should individuals with cystic fibrosis receive annually?

Pneumococcal vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What should be encouraged to help individuals with cystic fibrosis avoid respiratory infections?

Hand hygiene practices Signup and view all the answers

What are the four diseases mentioned in the first line of the text?

Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Chickenpox Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the recommended actions for patients with certain conditions, according to the text?

Perform passive range of motion exercises in the bathtub Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by muffled heart sounds and pericardial friction rub, according to the text?

Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is chorea indicative of, according to the text?

Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential cardiac involvement in Kawasaki Disease?

Atrial Fibrillation Signup and view all the answers

When are prophylactic antibiotics recommended for dental procedures in children with heart disease?

For dental procedures that involve manipulation of gingival tissue or perforation of the oral mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as having the highest risk for infective endocarditis, according to the text?

Rheumatic Heart Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration regarding cardiac medications?

Knowing what medication is given for which cardiac defect and why Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathophysiology of an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

A hole between the right and left atrium, allowing blood flow from the left to the right atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is commonly seen in a patient with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

Ejection systolic murmur Signup and view all the answers

Why might a patient with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) experience failure to thrive (FTT)?

Due to poor feeding and low energy caused by the increased workload on the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathophysiology of a Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

A hole in the septum between the right and left ventricle, resulting in increased pulmonary blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for recurrent respiratory infections in a patient with a Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

Increased pulmonary blood flow, leading to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathophysiology of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?

Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close, resulting in increased pulmonary blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary clinical manifestation of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?

Machine-like murmur Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for performing a respiratory assessment in a patient with Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)?

To assess for respiratory distress caused by decreased blood flow to the lower extremities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of epiglottitis?

Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by epiglottitis?

Children 2 to 8 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for diagnosing epiglottitis?

Lateral neck x-ray Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical component in the management of epiglottitis?

Availability of resuscitation and intubation equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended position for a child with epiglottitis?

Sitting up and leaning forward Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the "4 Ds & S" in the assessment of epiglottitis?

They are the primary symptoms of epiglottitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for not visually inspecting the mouth and throat in a suspected case of epiglottitis?

It could stimulate bronchospasm and lead to complete airway occlusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for epiglottitis?

Improving respiratory function Signup and view all the answers

Congenital Heart Defects: Acyanotic Exemplars Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between Acquired and Congenital Heart Defects?

Which of the following exemplars fall under the category of Increased pulmonary blood flow disorders?

What is the lead cause of acquired heart disease discussed in the text?

Which disease is described as an inflammatory disease occurring as a reaction to Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection?

Which defect falls under the category of Obstructive Disorders?

When does Kawasaki Disease typically occur following an untreated or partially treated upper respiratory infection?

Which condition affects the cardiovascular system and can lead to a coronary artery aneurysm?

What is the earliest indication of cystic fibrosis in a newborn?

Why are antihistamines contraindicated in cystic fibrosis patients?

What test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis based on sodium and chloride levels?

Which substance is found in excess in the sweat, tears, and saliva of individuals with cystic fibrosis?

What is the role of pancreatic enzymes in cystic fibrosis management?

Why is it important to implement multidisciplinary patient-centered care for individuals with cystic fibrosis?

What is a common gastrointestinal symptom of cystic fibrosis related to stools?

Which type of vaccine should individuals with cystic fibrosis receive annually?

What should be encouraged to help individuals with cystic fibrosis avoid respiratory infections?

What are the four diseases mentioned in the first line of the text?

What is one of the recommended actions for patients with certain conditions, according to the text?

Which condition is characterized by muffled heart sounds and pericardial friction rub, according to the text?

What is chorea indicative of, according to the text?

Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential cardiac involvement in Kawasaki Disease?

When are prophylactic antibiotics recommended for dental procedures in children with heart disease?

Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as having the highest risk for infective endocarditis, according to the text?

What is an important consideration regarding cardiac medications?

What is the pathophysiology of an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

Which clinical manifestation is commonly seen in a patient with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

Why might a patient with an Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) experience failure to thrive (FTT)?

What is the primary pathophysiology of a Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

What is the primary reason for recurrent respiratory infections in a patient with a Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

What is the pathophysiology of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?

What is the primary clinical manifestation of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?

What is the reason for performing a respiratory assessment in a patient with Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)?

What is the primary cause of epiglottitis?

Which age group is most commonly affected by epiglottitis?

What is the recommended approach for diagnosing epiglottitis?

Which of the following is a critical component in the management of epiglottitis?

What is the recommended position for a child with epiglottitis?

What is the significance of the "4 Ds & S" in the assessment of epiglottitis?

What is the rationale for not visually inspecting the mouth and throat in a suspected case of epiglottitis?

What is the primary goal of treatment for epiglottitis?

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