Concrete Construction Materials Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of heavyweight concrete?

Insulating structures from heat

Creating decorative surfaces

Reducing the overall weight of constructions

Providing nuclear radiation shielding (correct)

Which type of concrete is utilized for large structures like dams where its weight contributes to the strength?

Normal-weight concrete

Refractory concrete

Lightweight insulating concrete

Mass concrete (correct)

What does the process of troweling achieve in concrete work?

Displaces excess water to the surface

Prevents cracking from shrinkage

Ensures the correct level of moisture

Produces a smooth finish for floor coverings (correct)

What is the purpose of jointing in concrete slabs?

To control cracking due to shrinkage Signup and view all the answers

What is scaling in relation to concrete surfaces?

The breaking away of the concrete's surface layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines bleeding in concrete?

The settling of dry materials to the bottom Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of lightweight insulating concrete?

Low density of 15 to 90 lb/cu.ft. Signup and view all the answers

Which process in concrete work involves bringing a surface to true grade?

Leveling Signup and view all the answers

What defines a natural harbor?

A harbor protected from storms by natural land features. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a navigable channel in a harbor?

Fairway Signup and view all the answers

What is a wharf primarily used for?

To allow vessels to receive or discharge cargo. Signup and view all the answers

How is a pier different from other docking structures?

It extends into the sea but is not parallel to the coastline. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Mean Sea Level' represent?

The average of sea water levels over a known period. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Storm Surge' refer to?

The abnormal rise of sea level during severe weather. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes a dolphin in maritime terms?

An isolated structure for mooring ships in open water. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant wave?

The average wave height and period in a group. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a tsunami?

Waves resulting from sudden large-scale sea floor movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a seiche?

Abnormal oscillations of water levels occurring over a period of minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a tack coat in road construction?

To act as initial application of bituminous material to an existing surface Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'volition time' refer to in driver response?

The time taken for the final decision to act Signup and view all the answers

Which type of traffic sign primarily warns users of traffic laws?

Regulatory signs Signup and view all the answers

What function does a water-reducing agent serve in concrete mixing?

Enhances the slump or workability of the mix Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'grade resistance' in vehicle dynamics refer to?

Vehicle weight acting parallel to an inclined surface Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the role of an admixture in concrete?

To alter the properties of concrete during mixing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a prime coat in road construction?

To apply bituminous material on the road base before treatment Signup and view all the answers

How is the heaped volume defined in terms of bucket capacity?

Maximum volume placed in the bucket without spillage Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of rolling resistance?

Due to the flexing of tires and surface penetration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of guide signs in traffic?

To display directions and points of interest Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'retarder' refer to in concrete?

An agent that slows the hardening process of concrete Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Concrete

Concrete is a construction material made from Portland cement, aggregates, and water.
Normal-weight concrete typically weighs 140-160 lb/cu ft.
Lightweight insulating concrete can weigh 15-90 lb/cu ft, and has a 28-day compressive strength of 100-1000 psi.
Mass concrete is used in structures like dams where the weight provides the main strength.
Heavyweight concrete is made with heavy aggregates like barite, magnetite, and steel; mainly used for radiation shielding.
Refractory concrete is cast into shape before placement.
Leveling concrete brings the surface to the desired grade.
Edging rounds off slab edges to prevent chipping.
Screeding is moving a straight edge across newly-placed concrete to smooth it.
Joint preparation uses premolded inserts in slabs to control cracking due to shrinkage.
Bleeding is dry materials settling to the bottom of concrete, pushing the water to the surface.
Troweling is finishing slabs with a tool to prepare them for surface finishes like tiles, carpets, and paint.
Scaling is breaking away of hardened concrete surface.

Harbor

A harbor is a protected water area for safe ship accommodation, cargo transfer, refueling, repairs, etc..
Natural harbors are protected from storms by natural land formations.
Artificial harbors are protected by breakwaters or man-made structures like dredging.
A port is a sheltered place where a ship can receive or unload cargo. It includes the harbor with approach channels and anchorage areas.
A fairway is a navigable channel for ships within a harbor or offshore.
A wharf is a continuous structure parallel to the sea or rivers for loading/unloading cargo.
A pier is a structure built into the water, not parallel to the coast, for ships to dock.
A jetty is similar to a pier but may be longer.
A dolphin is a berth structure for mooring ships in open water.
A significant wave is a hypothetical wave with the average height and period of a group of waves.
The highest wave is the tallest wave in a group.
The mean wave has the average height and period of all waves in a group.

Deepwater Waves, Sea Levels, and Coastal Phenomena

Deepwater waves are waves where the water depth is at least half the wavelength.
Mean Sea Level is the average sea water level over a 19-year period.
Mean Low Water is the height of low tide over 19 years.
Mean Lower Low Water is the average height of the lowest low tides over 19 years.
Storm Surge is the abnormal rise in sea level due to a typhoon (including atmospheric pressure reduction and wind stress).
Tsunamis are waves resulting from large-scale sea floor movements (e.g., earthquakes).
Seiches are oscillations of water level with periods from a few minutes to tens of minutes.
Seal Coat is a thin bituminous surface treatment for roads.
Tack Coat is an initial application of bituminous material onto certain surfaces (concrete, blocks, etc.).
Prime Coat is an application of bituminous material onto a previously prepared surface (roads) before additional layers are applied.
Perception Time is the driver's time to realize brakes are needed.
Intellection Time is the time required to understand a situation.
Emotion Time is the time for emotional reaction to a situation (fear, anger).
Volitional Time is the time taken for final action.

Traffic Signs and Roadway Elements

Traffic signs are devices used to regulate, warn, or guide traffic via words or symbols.
Regulatory signs inform traffic laws.
Warning signs alert road users about conditions on or near the road.
Guide signs provide information about directions, distance, and routes.
Roadwork signs alert users of temporary hazards in roadwork areas.
Overhead signs show info on wide multi-lane roads where lane use control is needed.
Plate Line Capacity is the volume of a bucket with the outer edges followed.
Struck Capacity is the bucket's volume when load is struck off flush against edges.
Water Line Capacity is the edge level material in a bucket.
Heaped Volume is the maximum volume of material in a bucket before spillage.
Grade Resistance is the component of vehicle weight acting parallel to an inclined surface.
Rolling Resistance is tire flexing and penetration on the travel surface.
Total Resistance is the sum of grade resistance and rolling resistance.
Aggregate is used in concrete to reduce cost and shrinkage.
Water is needed for the chemical reaction to create hardened concrete.
Hydration is the reaction between cement and water to form hardened cement.
Water reducing agents improve concrete workability without changing consistency.

Concrete Additives

Retarders slow the hardening rate of concrete.
Accelerators decrease setting time and increase early strength.
Pozzolans reduce heat generated during hydration, increasing workability and reducing segregation.
Plasticizers increase workability.
Batching is the process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates, and additives before mixing concrete.
Admixtures are materials other than cement, aggregates, or water to alter concrete properties.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various types of concrete and their specific uses in construction. This quiz covers normal-weight, lightweight, heavyweight, and refractory concrete, as well as techniques for working with concrete. Understand the properties and applications of different concrete materials.