Types of Building Blocks Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the primary types of blocks used in the building industry?

Concrete blocks and lightweight insulation blocks.

Can you name two specific applications of concrete blocks?

They are used for forming footings below ground and in retaining walls for embankments.

What is the purpose of hollow blocks in construction?

Hollow blocks are used where reinforcement is required to support heavy loads.

Why have lightweight concrete blocks been developed?

<p>They were developed to comply with health and safety regulations on lifting units heavier than 20 kg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials are Aircrete blocks made from?

<p>Aircrete blocks are made from a microcellular composition called Aircrete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of blocks are considered solid blocks?

<p>Solid blocks are mainly used for making walls above ground in commercial and industrial buildings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the thickness variances for hollow blocks?

<p>Hollow block sizes vary from 100 mm up to 215 mm in thickness depending on specification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do manufacturers ensure compliance with safety regulations regarding concrete block weight?

<p>Manufacturers have either reduced thickness size requirements or substituted hollow blocks for thicker solid blocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary uses of blocks in construction?

<p>Blocks are primarily used for foundations, walls, partitions, and retaining structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the insulation rating of Aircrete blocks compare to concrete blocks?

<p>Aircrete blocks have a higher insulation rating than concrete blocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard size of a block mentioned in the content?

<p>The standard block size is 215mm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool is recommended for cutting aerated concrete blocks?

<p>A masonry saw is recommended for cutting aerated concrete blocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adjustment is made to the half block length of 220mm to allow for a cross joint?

<p>Each half must have 5mm cut from the length to account for the 10mm cross joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the lengths of quarter and three-quarter blocks as mentioned?

<p>The quarter block is 100mm long, and the three-quarter block is 330mm long.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of masonry construction is emphasized for ensuring proper bonding?

<p>Learning about block bonding and its importance is emphasized for proper construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What safety measure should be taken when cutting blocks?

<p>Eye protection should be worn when cutting blocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of overlapping blocks in blockwork?

<p>Overlapping blocks enhance wall strength by distributing weight evenly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define ranging and its importance in blockwork.

<p>Ranging is the alignment process that ensures straight, true walls during construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What techniques can be employed to maintain alignment in blockwork?

<p>Techniques include regular checks and adjustments using appropriate tools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain what gauging means in the context of blockwork.

<p>Gauging refers to the process of ensuring consistent course heights in blockwork.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tools are commonly used for gauging in blockwork?

<p>Common tools include gauging rods, story poles, and measuring tapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum lap required for block bonding in construction?

<p>The minimum lap required is a quarter bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the second course of blocks be laid in relation to the first?

<p>The second course should start with a half block at each end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What modification is necessary when a wall has a return?

<p>Corner blocks should overlap flush with a cut block placed next to them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Block Bonding

The arrangement of bricks or blocks in a wall, ensuring strength and stability.

Aircrete block

A type of block commonly used in construction, known for its insulation properties. It's made from a mixture of cement, sand, and water.

Cross Joint

The space between two adjacent blocks or bricks in a wall.

First Course of Blocks

The first course of blocks laid at the base of a wall, essential for structural integrity.

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Setting Out

The process of laying blocks or bricks in a wall, ensuring they are properly aligned and bonded together.

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Standard Block

A type of brick used for walls, typically 215 mm in width.

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Masonry Saw

A tool used to cut bricks, blocks, and slate.

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Half Block

The process of cutting a block in half.

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Concrete Blocks

These blocks are made from concrete and are known for their strength and durability. They are often used for load-bearing walls, footings, and retaining walls.

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Solid Concrete Blocks

Concrete blocks that are completely solid, providing maximum strength and rigidity. They are commonly used for above-ground walls in commercial and industrial buildings.

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Hollow Concrete Blocks

Concrete blocks with hollow spaces inside. They are often reinforced with steel rods for added strength and are used in areas where a lot of weight needs to be supported.

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Lightweight Concrete Blocks

These blocks are lighter than standard concrete blocks, making them easier to handle. They are made with a mix of concrete and other materials to reduce weight.

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Concrete Block Walls

The use of concrete blocks for above-ground walls in both commercial and residential buildings, including external and internal walls.

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Load-Bearing Concrete Blocks

The use of concrete blocks for supporting the weight of a structure, often used in foundations and load-bearing walls.

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Retaining Walls with Concrete Blocks

The use of concrete blocks to prevent soil erosion and provide stability to slopes and embankments.

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Ranging in Blockwork

A method of ensuring straight walls in blockwork by using reference points to maintain consistent alignment throughout the construction process.

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Adjustments in Blockwork

The process of adjusting block placement to correct deviations from the desired alignment.

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Gauging in Blockwork

The act of ensuring consistent block course heights using tools and techniques to maintain vertical alignment.

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Gauging Rod

A tool used in blockwork to maintain consistent course heights, often made of wood or metal.

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Quarter Bond

The minimum overlap required for block bonding, typically a quarter of the block's length.

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Study Notes

Types of Building Blocks

  • Two main types: concrete and lightweight insulation blocks
  • Concrete blocks are heavy, made from concrete, used where lots of weight is on or against the wall.
  • Concrete blocks are used for foundations, walls that support steel, internal walls (e.g., car parks), shopping centers, retaining walls, and embankments.
  • Concrete blocks can be solid, hollow, or cellular, and may have a finished texture for paint.
  • Solid blocks are primarily used for walls above ground in commercial, industrial, and leisure buildings.
  • Solid blocks are suitable for both internal and external walls, beam and pot floors, and provide good fire and sound insulation.
  • Hollow blocks are used in areas requiring reinforcement.
  • Hollow blocks have the same finish as solid blocks but with hollow sections and vertical reinforcement rods.
  • Hollow blocks are filled with concrete, creating a strong wall, suitable for areas with substantial weight placed on top.
  • Hollow blocks' use includes retaining walls for embankments.
  • Hollow block sizes vary (100mm to 215mm) depending on the job's specifications.

Lightweight Blocks

  • Concrete manufacturers produce lightweight concrete blocks due to health and safety regulations (lifting restrictions).
  • Lightweight concrete blocks are often used as a substitute for thicker solid blocks, meeting regulations better.
  • Manufacturers aim to offer products acceptable for use.
  • There's a shift towards lighter weight products.

Aircrete Blocks

  • Aircrete blocks are a microcellular composition, producing lightweight and durable blocks.
  • Aircrete blocks are suitable for foundations, beam and block floors, and internal and external cavity walling.
  • Aircrete blocks have a higher insulation rating than typical concrete blocks.
  • Aircrete block sizes range (75mm to 215mm) for standard blocks.

Block Uses in Construction

  • Blocks can be used for foundations, walls, partitions, and retaining structures.

Standard Block Sizes

  • Standard block dimensions: 440mm in length, 215mm in height, and varying widths (100mm, 125mm, 150mm, 215mm, 300mm).

Tools for Cutting Blocks

  • Common tools include a masonry hand saw, scutch hammer, club hammer, bolster.
  • Wear eye protection when using cutting tools.

Calculating Block Sizes

  • Block sizes include allowance for 10mm joints.

Block Course Calculations

  • Each course is 215mm plus a 10mm bed joint.
  • This totals 225mm per course.
  • This is used for calculating course heights with a tape measure or gauge rod.

Block Bonding Techniques

  • Bonding in block walls involves layering blocks to maximize structural strength.
  • Minimum lap used is quarter bond.
  • The second course should start with a half block at each end.
  • Perpendicular joints of the second course blocks align with the center of the blocks.
  • Corner blocks overlap for returns.

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Related Documents

Basic Blockwork PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the various types of building blocks, including concrete and lightweight insulation blocks. This quiz will cover their characteristics, uses, and differences. Perfect for students and professionals in construction and architecture.

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