Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which approach to knowledge generation emphasizes the importance of understanding meanings and perspectives?
Which approach to knowledge generation emphasizes the importance of understanding meanings and perspectives?
- Interpretive (or Hermeneutic) Approach (correct)
- Positivistic Approach
- Critical Approach
The positivist approach assumes that reality is socially constructed.
The positivist approach assumes that reality is socially constructed.
False (B)
What is the primary goal of the critical approach to theory building?
What is the primary goal of the critical approach to theory building?
To critique the status quo and promote social justice.
The ______ approach to knowledge generation uses quantitative methods and starts with a theory to be tested through research.
The ______ approach to knowledge generation uses quantitative methods and starts with a theory to be tested through research.
Match the following approaches to knowledge generation with their primary goal:
Match the following approaches to knowledge generation with their primary goal:
Which of the following is NOT a goal of theory?
Which of the following is NOT a goal of theory?
Theories can only be developed through a strict positivist approach.
Theories can only be developed through a strict positivist approach.
What is the relationship between theory and research?
What is the relationship between theory and research?
Which ontological assumption emphasizes that reality is constructed through social interactions and may vary depending on the individuals involved?
Which ontological assumption emphasizes that reality is constructed through social interactions and may vary depending on the individuals involved?
Deductive reasoning starts with specific observations and builds towards a general theory.
Deductive reasoning starts with specific observations and builds towards a general theory.
What is the core belief of a positivistic approach to epistemology?
What is the core belief of a positivistic approach to epistemology?
The ______ approach to theory emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of different parts within a system.
The ______ approach to theory emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of different parts within a system.
Match the following epistemological approaches with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the following epistemological approaches with their corresponding descriptions:
Which of the following is NOT a key concept within the systems approach?
Which of the following is NOT a key concept within the systems approach?
Critical ontology argues that reality is objective and independent of social power structures.
Critical ontology argues that reality is objective and independent of social power structures.
How does a rules approach to theory differ from a covering law approach?
How does a rules approach to theory differ from a covering law approach?
Which of the following is NOT a step involved in the scientific method?
Which of the following is NOT a step involved in the scientific method?
Inductive reasoning involves moving from specific observations to generate new theories.
Inductive reasoning involves moving from specific observations to generate new theories.
What is the main difference between pure and applied research?
What is the main difference between pure and applied research?
The principle of parsimony, also known as Occam's Razor, suggests that the ______ explanation is usually the best.
The principle of parsimony, also known as Occam's Razor, suggests that the ______ explanation is usually the best.
Match the following criteria for evaluating a theory to their definitions:
Match the following criteria for evaluating a theory to their definitions:
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a valid research study?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a valid research study?
Reliability in research refers to the consistency of results across multiple studies.
Reliability in research refers to the consistency of results across multiple studies.
What was the primary reason why the new field of public speaking, under the National Association of Public Speaking (NCA), needed to incorporate research?
What was the primary reason why the new field of public speaking, under the National Association of Public Speaking (NCA), needed to incorporate research?
What is an operational definition, and why is it important in research?
What is an operational definition, and why is it important in research?
The growing power of the STEM field in the 1930s led to a separation of radio broadcasting into public speaking and journalism.
The growing power of the STEM field in the 1930s led to a separation of radio broadcasting into public speaking and journalism.
What are the two main categories of communication that overlap with psychology, as mentioned in the text?
What are the two main categories of communication that overlap with psychology, as mentioned in the text?
Communication is considered a ______ science.
Communication is considered a ______ science.
Match the following communication types to their definitions:
Match the following communication types to their definitions:
Which approach to knowledge generation assumes that reality is objective, can be measured, and that there are universal laws that can be discovered?
Which approach to knowledge generation assumes that reality is objective, can be measured, and that there are universal laws that can be discovered?
The interpretive approach typically starts with a theory and then tests it through research.
The interpretive approach typically starts with a theory and then tests it through research.
What is the main goal of the critical approach to knowledge generation?
What is the main goal of the critical approach to knowledge generation?
The ______ approach to knowledge generation emphasizes the importance of understanding people's lived experiences.
The ______ approach to knowledge generation emphasizes the importance of understanding people's lived experiences.
Match the following ontological assumptions with their corresponding approaches to knowing:
Match the following ontological assumptions with their corresponding approaches to knowing:
Which of the following is NOT a key area of inquiry in theory building?
Which of the following is NOT a key area of inquiry in theory building?
Positivist epistemology emphasizes the importance of understanding people's interpretations of reality.
Positivist epistemology emphasizes the importance of understanding people's interpretations of reality.
Briefly describe the core belief of an interpretive approach to epistemology.
Briefly describe the core belief of an interpretive approach to epistemology.
What does critical axiology emphasize in the research process?
What does critical axiology emphasize in the research process?
The systems approach focuses on independent components in a research study.
The systems approach focuses on independent components in a research study.
What is the key characteristic of the covering law approach to theory?
What is the key characteristic of the covering law approach to theory?
The ______ approach recognizes that researchers should acknowledge their own values in the research process.
The ______ approach recognizes that researchers should acknowledge their own values in the research process.
Match the following research approaches with their descriptions:
Match the following research approaches with their descriptions:
Flashcards
Positivistic Ontology
Positivistic Ontology
Belief that reality is objective and exists independently of the observer.
Interpretive Ontology
Interpretive Ontology
Belief that reality is socially constructed with multiple perspectives.
Critical Ontology
Critical Ontology
Belief that reality is influenced by power relations and affects different groups differently.
Positivistic Epistemology
Positivistic Epistemology
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Interpretive Epistemology
Interpretive Epistemology
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Critical Epistemology
Critical Epistemology
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Covering Law Approach
Covering Law Approach
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Systems Approach
Systems Approach
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Axiology
Axiology
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Positivistic Axiology
Positivistic Axiology
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Interpretive Axiology
Interpretive Axiology
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Critical Axiology
Critical Axiology
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Deductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
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Intrapersonal Communication
Intrapersonal Communication
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Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal Communication
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Small Group Communication
Small Group Communication
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Organizational Communication
Organizational Communication
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Public Speaking
Public Speaking
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Positivistic Approach
Positivistic Approach
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Interpretive Approach
Interpretive Approach
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Critical Approach
Critical Approach
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Ontology
Ontology
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Epistemology
Epistemology
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Operational Definitions
Operational Definitions
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Validity
Validity
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Reliability
Reliability
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Scope of Theory
Scope of Theory
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Parsimony
Parsimony
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Testability
Testability
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Heurism
Heurism
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Levels of Generality
Levels of Generality
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Goals of Theory
Goals of Theory
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Complex Relationship
Complex Relationship
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Theory to Research
Theory to Research
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Study Notes
Communication Theory
- Communication is a social process, using symbols to create and interpret meaning. This process is ongoing and involves the social context.
- Symbols are arbitrary and need interpretation, contributing to potential misunderstandings.
- Meaning is shaped by the environment, context, and situation.
- Communication meaning can change based on context.
Models of Communication
- Linear Model (Shannon & Weaver): A one-way, sender-receiver model; oversimplified and not fully social.
- Interactional Model: Two-way communication with feedback. Each person involved is actively sending and receiving messages.
- Transactional Model (Barnlund): Emphasizes the simultaneous and ongoing aspects of communication and shared understanding. Communication is a collaborative process. The field of experience of all parties is crucial.
Approaches to Knowing
- Positivistic: Assumes an objective reality and aims for predictability, using quantitative methods.
- Interpretive: Reality is socially constructed, understanding meaning and experience through qualitative methods.
- Critical: Examines power structures and seeks social change.
Key Concepts in Theory Building
- Ontology: The study of reality (objective, social, or power-driven).
- Epistemology: The study of knowledge itself (observation, experience, or value-driven).
- Axiology: The study of values (objective without bias or value-laden).
- Levels of Generality: Theories can be broad or specific.
- Scope: How much of the social world a theory explains.
- Logical Consistency: Absence of internal contradictions within a theory.
- Parsimony: Simplicity of a theory's explanation; the simplest explanation is often best.
- Utility: The theory's usefulness in understanding the world.
- Testability: The ability to test a theory through research.
- Heurism: The theory's ability to generate further research ideas.
- Test of Time: The theory's longevity and continued relevance.
Types of Theories
- Covering Law Approach: Uses general laws to explain phenomena.
- Rules Approach: Emphasizes rules and norms guiding social interactions.
- Systems Approach: Focuses on interconnected parts and interdependence.
The Research Process
- Deductive Reasoning: From general theory to specific applications, using quantitative methods.
- Inductive Reasoning: From specific observations to broader theories, using qualitative methods.
- Validity: Accuracy of a test or study in measuring what it aims to measure.
- Reliability: Consistency of a test or study in producing similar results over time.
Types of Communication (further breakdown)
- Intrapersonal: Internal communication.
- Interpersonal: Face-to-face communication.
- Small Group: Dynamics within a group, often problem-solving-oriented
- Organizational: Communication within large networks.
- Rhetoric/Public: One-to-many communication for creating influence.
- Mass Communication: Non-face-to-face communication with a large audience.
- Intercultural: Communication between different cultural groups.
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Description
Explore the principles of communication theory, including key models like the linear, interactional, and transactional models. Understand how symbols shape meaning and the influence of context in communication processes. This quiz will delve into approaches to knowing within the context of communication.
