Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Shannon-Weaver's model of communication?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of non-verbal communication?
Which technique is used to manage facial expressions by lessening the emotional expression?
What does 'proxemics' refer to in the context of communication?
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Which group of paralanguage includes vocal elements such as yawning and whispering?
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What is a fundamental principle of effective communication?
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Which type of body language involves the use of hand signs and movements?
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What type of vocal segregates include sounds such as 'uh' and 'mmm'?
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Which component of the communication process refers to the recipient of the message?
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What does the term 'noise' refer to in the context of communication?
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Which type of noise is caused by emotional factors within a communicator?
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What is the process of transforming ideas into symbols within the communication framework called?
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In Aristotle's model of communication, which element is NOT included?
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What factor does NOT belong to the five senses mentioned as channels in the communication process?
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Which type of feedback is typically a sign of unsuccessful communication?
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Which part of the body is specifically mentioned as involved in bodily action?
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Study Notes
Parts of the Body Involved in Action
- Head, face, hands, arms, shoulders, feet, legs, and torso contribute to bodily actions.
Communication Overview
- Derived from Latin "Communicare," meaning "to share" or "to make common."
- Involves a cycle completed by the response from receivers.
The Communication Process
- Series of steps necessary for successful communication.
Elements of Communication
- Sender/Speaker/Source: Initiates the communication process.
- Message: Can be verbal (words/symbols) or nonverbal (body language/gestures).
- Channel: Sensory media (sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch) through which the message travels.
- Feedback: Response from the receiver, which can be positive (successful communication) or negative (misinterpretation).
- Receiver: The individual who receives the message and provides feedback.
Symbols, Encoding, and Decoding
- Symbols: Words, sounds, and actions that convey meaning.
- Encoding: Transforming ideas into symbols.
- Decoding: Interpreting messages back into ideas.
Noise in Communication
- Barriers that disrupt the communication process.
Types of Noise
- Physical Noise: Actual external sounds distracting from communication.
- Psychological Noise: Internal emotional distractions affecting communication.
- Physiological Noise: Physical ailments hindering sender or receiver.
Communication Models
- Aristotle's Model: Involves speaker, speech, occasion, audience, and effect.
- Shannon-Weaver Model: Emphasizes sender, encoder, channel, decoder, and receiver; highlights ‘noise’ impact.
Components of Communication
Lexical or Verbal
- Includes words, parts of words, phrasal verbs, collocations, idioms, and sentence frames.
Non-Lexical or Non-Verbal
- Conveys messages without words through:
- Body Language: Expressing ideas using body movement.
- Proxemics: Physical closeness to the audience.
- Paralanguage: Vocal elements affecting meaning, indicating tone and impression.
- Presupposition: Assumed knowledge between speaker and listener.
Types of Body Language
- Gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, and body stance.
Facial Expression Management Techniques
- Intensity: Emphasizing expressions.
- De-intensify: Reducing the strength of expressions.
- Neutralize: Removing any expression.
- Mask: Hiding true feelings with different expressions.
Paralanguage Groups
- Vocal Characterizers: Non-verbal sounds expressing states (e.g., yawning, laughing).
- Vocal Qualifiers: Aspects of tone, rhythm, pitch, etc.
- Vocal Segregates: Non-words or sounds (e.g., "uh," "mmm").
General Principles of Effective Communication
- Understand your communication purpose, identify your audience, be knowledgeable about your topic, adapt content for the situation, and utilize audience feedback.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental aspects of communication, including the key elements involved such as the sender, message, and feedback. It also covers the importance of symbols and the encoding-decoding process. Test your understanding of how effective communication takes place.
