Communication Concepts and Models

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Questions and Answers

What is communication primarily described as?

  • An act of public speaking
  • The process of exchanging information (correct)
  • A method of data storage
  • A visual representation of ideas

According to Lasswell’s model, what does the 'source' refer to?

  • The effect produced by the communication
  • The originator of the message (correct)
  • The audience interpreting the message
  • The medium used for distribution

Which type of communication primarily involves body language and gestures?

  • Mass Communication
  • Nonverbal Communication (correct)
  • Verbal Communication
  • Intrapersonal Communication

What is NOT a type of communication mentioned in the content?

<p>Public Communication (D)</p>
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Which of the following best describes mass communication?

<p>Communication that targets a wide audience through media (A)</p>
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The phrase 'Who says what?' in Lasswell’s model pertains to which component of communication?

<p>The source and message (B)</p>
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What role does interpersonal communication play?

<p>It facilitates connections between individuals. (C)</p>
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What describes visual communication effectively?

<p>It includes the use of images and graphics. (D)</p>
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What defines small group communication?

<p>Communication among three or more individuals. (A)</p>
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In the process of communication, what is the role of encoding?

<p>The sender formulates the message. (B)</p>
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What does feedback in the communication process indicate?

<p>The receiver's response confirming understanding. (C)</p>
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Which of the following best describes public communication?

<p>One person speaking to a large audience. (A)</p>
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What is the main focus of Osgood and Schramm’s model of interpersonal communication?

<p>Communication between two or a few individuals. (A)</p>
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In Shannon and Weaver's model of interpersonal communication, what is emphasized?

<p>Communication between two people using a medium. (D)</p>
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What process occurs during the decoding step of communication?

<p>The receiver interprets and understands the message. (C)</p>
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Which communication type involves formal interactions within an organization?

<p>Organizational communication. (B)</p>
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What is the process called that translates thoughts and ideas to be perceived by human senses?

<p>Encoding (C)</p>
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Which component performs the physical activity of sending out a message?

<p>Transmitter (D)</p>
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Which term refers to the pathways through which messages flow?

<p>Channel (B)</p>
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What is feedback in the communication process?

<p>The message returned from the receiver to the sender (C)</p>
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Which of the following describes a characteristic of digital communication channels?

<p>Provides instant messaging and social media platforms (D)</p>
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What type of communication channel is best suited for providing immediate feedback?

<p>Face to Face (C)</p>
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Which term describes sounds that interfere with the delivery of a message?

<p>Noise (D)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a broadcasting communication channel?

<p>Podcast (B)</p>
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What is the primary objective of clarity in media communication?

<p>To ensure the message is clear and easy to understand (A)</p>
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Which principle emphasizes the importance of maintaining a consistent style in media messages?

<p>Consistency (D)</p>
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What does audience analysis help media creators achieve?

<p>It allows for tailoring messages to specific target groups (C)</p>
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How can understanding audience demographics significantly impact media production?

<p>It influences audience preferences and consumption habits (A)</p>
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Which aspect of media literacy empowers individuals to comprehend media messages critically?

<p>The understanding of biases in messages (B)</p>
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What is one of the goals of conciseness in media messages?

<p>To deliver key information without distractions (A)</p>
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Why is it important for media content to be relevant to the audience?

<p>To capture their attention and provide value (A)</p>
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Which of the following best describes the significance of understanding audience needs in media production?

<p>It guides the creation of targeted content that meets specific desires (A)</p>
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Flashcards

What is communication?

The process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals. It involves the transmission of a message from a source to a receiver, and is crucial for building relationships, sharing knowledge, and achieving common goals.

Lasswell's model of communication

A model that simplifies the communication process by identifying its key components: the source, the message, the medium, the receiver, and the effect.

Verbal Communication

Communication that involves the use of language, including speaking, writing, and sign language. It's a primary means of conveying thoughts and ideas.

Nonverbal communication

Communication that relies on non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and gestures. It plays a significant role in conveying emotions, attitudes, and unspoken messages.

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Visual Communication

Communication that uses visuals such as images, graphics, and videos to convey information effectively. It's powerful for quickly conveying complex ideas.

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Intrapersonal Communication

Internal communication with oneself, including thoughts, feelings, and self-reflection. It's vital for self-awareness and decision-making.

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Interpersonal Communication

Communication between two or more people, including conversations, relationships, and social interactions. It's essential for building connections and understanding.

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Mass communication

Communication that reaches a large audience through media channels such as television, radio, and the internet. It can influence public opinion and behavior.

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Small group communication

Communication between three or more individuals.

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Organizational communication

The exchange of information within a formal working environment.

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Public communication

Communication where one person addresses a large audience.

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Encoding (Communication)

The process of turning thoughts into a message.

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Channel (Communication)

The method used to deliver the message.

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Decoding (Communication)

The receiver's interpretation of the message.

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Feedback (Communication)

The receiver's response to the message.

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Information Source

The person, group, or organization generating the information to be shared.

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Receiver

A person who receives the message from the source.

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Transmitter

A person or device that physically sends the message.

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Message

The message itself, containing the information to be shared.

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Channel

The pathway through which the message travels.

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Signal

The physical manifestation of the message, often in the form of sound waves, electromagnetic signals, or written text.

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Decoding

The process of converting the message into a form the receiver can understand.

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Noise

Any interference that can disrupt or distort the message during transmission.

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Clear Communication

Making sure your message is easy to understand by avoiding jargon, slang, and complicated language.

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Concise Communication

Getting your point across quickly without unnecessary details. Say what you need to say without rambling.

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Relevant Communication

Making sure your message is relevant to your audience's interests and needs.

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Consistent Communication

Maintaining a consistent style and tone throughout your message.

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Demographics

Understanding the age, gender, location, and other characteristics of your audience.

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Audience Interests

Understanding the hobbies, passions, and interests of your audience.

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Audience Needs

Understanding the needs of your audience. What are they looking for in your content?

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Media Literacy

The ability to critically analyze and evaluate media messages.

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Study Notes

Definition of Concept Communication

  • Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals.
  • It involves transmitting a message from a source to a receiver.
  • Communication is crucial for building relationships, sharing knowledge, and achieving common goals.
  • Harold Lasswell proposed a convenient way to describe communication by answering these questions:
    • Who?
    • Says what?
    • Through which channel?
    • To whom?
    • With what effect?

Lasswell's Model of Communication

  • A simple model of communication, developed by Lasswell in 1948.
  • A source sends a message through a medium to a receiver, producing an effect.

Types of Communication

  • Verbal: Language-based communication (speaking, writing, sign language) is used to convey thoughts and ideas.
  • Nonverbal: Body language, facial expressions, and gestures convey emotions, attitudes, and unspoken messages.
  • Visual: Communication using images, graphics, and videos to convey complex information effectively.

Forms of Communication

  • Intrapersonal: Communication with oneself (thoughts, feelings, self-reflection), essential for self-awareness and decision-making.

  • Interpersonal: Communication between two or more people (conversations, relationships, social interactions), crucial for building connections and understanding.

  • Mass Communication: Communication through media channels (TV, radio, internet) reaching a large audience and influencing public opinion.

  • Small Group Communication: Communication among three or more individuals.

  • Organizational Communication: Interaction within a formal work environment, where executives message their staff.

  • Public Communication: One person speaking to a large group (professors, candidates, etc.).

Process of Communication

  • Encoding: The sender formulates the message.
  • Transmission: The message is sent through a channel.
  • Decoding: The receiver interprets the message.
  • Feedback: The receiver's response to the message.

Osgood and Schramm's Model of Interpersonal Communication (1954)

  • Depicts communication between two or a few people, involving signals like voice, facial expressions, and gestures for meaning.
  • The model shows an exchange of messages.

Shannon and Weaver Model of Interpersonal Communication (1948)

  • Depicts communication between two people using a medium.
  • Message flows from an information source to a destination, going through a channel, and potentially facing noise.

Elements of Interpersonal Communication

  • Source/Sender: The originator of a message.

  • Message: The information communicated.

  • Signal: The transmitted impulses converted into signs.

  • Channel/Carrier: The pathway carrying the message (sight, sound, etc.).

  • Encoding: The process of translating thoughts into a form that the receiver can understand.

  • Transmitter: The tool used to send a message.

  • Decoding: The process of interpreting the received message.

  • Feedback: Reaction to receiving the message.

  • Receiver: The recipient of the message.

  • Noise: Interference disrupting the message.

Communication Channels

  • Face-to-Face: Ideal for real-time conversations.
  • Digital: Email, social media, instant messaging.
  • Written: Letters, reports, memos.
  • Broadcast: TV, radio, podcasts

Principles of Communication in Media

  • Clarity: Clear and easy to understand.
  • Conciseness: Avoiding jargon, brief and to the point.
  • Relevance: Relevant to the audience's needs and interests.
  • Consistency: Maintaining a consistent style and tone.

Audience Analysis

  • Demographics: Age, gender, location, education, income.
  • Interests: Hobbies, passions, and areas of interest.
  • Needs: Informational, entertainment, or emotional needs.

Media Literacy

  • Critical Thinking: Questioning information, recognizing biases, and evaluating sources.
  • Informed Decision-Making: Making informed choices about media consumption, recognizing media impact.
  • Effective Communication: Fostering effective communication skills, creating, sharing, and engaging with media.

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