Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a key characteristic of linear communication models?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of linear communication models?
- Emphasis on the complexities of communication.
- Focus on negotiated meaning between sender and receiver.
- Highlighting the continuous and transactional nature of communication.
- Depiction of communication moving in a straight line. (correct)
In convergence models of communication, what aspect is particularly emphasized?
In convergence models of communication, what aspect is particularly emphasized?
- The analysis of major communication components in isolation.
- The static nature of the communication process.
- The continuous and transactional nature of communication. (correct)
- The clear-cut roles of sender and receiver.
Which of the following questions is central to Lasswell's communication model?
Which of the following questions is central to Lasswell's communication model?
- How can feedback loops be optimized?
- What is the role of shared experience in communication?
- Who says what in which channel to whom with what effect? (correct)
- How does noise affect the encoding process?
What is a primary limitation of Lasswell's communication model?
What is a primary limitation of Lasswell's communication model?
The Shannon and Weaver model was initially designed to improve what?
The Shannon and Weaver model was initially designed to improve what?
In the Shannon and Weaver communication model, what role does the 'Transmitter' fulfill?
In the Shannon and Weaver communication model, what role does the 'Transmitter' fulfill?
What unique element did the Shannon and Weaver model introduce to the understanding of communication?
What unique element did the Shannon and Weaver model introduce to the understanding of communication?
A key criticism of the Shannon and Weaver model is that it:
A key criticism of the Shannon and Weaver model is that it:
What is a defining feature of Schramm's communication model?
What is a defining feature of Schramm's communication model?
In Schramm's model, what is considered the most important part of communication?
In Schramm's model, what is considered the most important part of communication?
How does Schramm's model account for psychological elements in communication?
How does Schramm's model account for psychological elements in communication?
What is a limitation of Schramm's communication model?
What is a limitation of Schramm's communication model?
What is a key characteristic of Barnlund's transactional model of communication?
What is a key characteristic of Barnlund's transactional model of communication?
How does Barnlund's model address the concept of feedback?
How does Barnlund's model address the concept of feedback?
What does it mean that meaning is 'actively assigned' in Barnlund's model?
What does it mean that meaning is 'actively assigned' in Barnlund's model?
According to critics, which of the communication models is considered the most systematic?
According to critics, which of the communication models is considered the most systematic?
What must be true for Barnlund's communication model to be effective?
What must be true for Barnlund's communication model to be effective?
How does Barnlund's Transactional Model account for non-verbal cues?
How does Barnlund's Transactional Model account for non-verbal cues?
What is the significance of the 'field of experience' in Schramm's model?
What is the significance of the 'field of experience' in Schramm's model?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the Shannon and Weaver model?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the Shannon and Weaver model?
Flashcards
Linear Communication Models
Linear Communication Models
Models that show communication moving in a straight line, analyzing major components but discounting complexities.
Convergence Communication Models
Convergence Communication Models
Models that emphasize the continuous and transactional nature of communication, highlighting negotiated meaning and feedback.
Lasswell's Communication Model
Lasswell's Communication Model
A linear model that identifies key components: Who? Says What? In Which Channel? To Whom? With What Effect?
Shannon-Weaver Communication Model
Shannon-Weaver Communication Model
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Information Source (Sender)
Information Source (Sender)
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Transmitter (Encoder)
Transmitter (Encoder)
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Channel
Channel
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Receiver (Decoder)
Receiver (Decoder)
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Schramm's Communication Model
Schramm's Communication Model
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Noise in Communication
Noise in Communication
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Barnlund's Transactional Model
Barnlund's Transactional Model
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Study Notes
- Communication models simplify the complex process of communication to make analysis easier.
Linear Models
- Show communication moving in a straight line.
- Help analyze the major components of communication.
- Discount the complexities of communication.
Convergence Models
- Stress the continuous and transactional nature of communication.
- Show how meaning is negotiated.
- Emphasize feedback.
- Feature sender and receiver roles that are not clear cut.
Lasswell's Communication Model
- It is an analysis tool for evaluating the communication process and its components.
- Although developed to study mass media, it can be applied to interpersonal communication.
- The model includes: Who? (Speaker), Says What? (Message), In Which Channel? (Medium), To Whom? (Audience), With What Effect? (Effect).
Lasswell's Model Advantages
- It is easy and simple to understand
- It is suitable for almost all types of communication.
- It shows the concept of effect.
Lasswell's Model Disadvantages
- It does not include feedback.
- It ignores noise.
- It is very general.
- It is a linear model.
Shannon and Weaver's Communication Model
- It was originally designed to improve technical communication, like telephonic communication.
- It was later applied to all types of communication to develop effective communication between the sender and receiver.
- It is more technical than other linear models
Shannon and Weaver's Model Components
- Information source/Sender: The person who creates the message.
- Transmitter/Encoder: The sender who uses the machine.
- Channel: The medium used to send the message.
- Receiver/Decoder: The machine used to convert signals into the message.
- Destination/Receiver: The person who gets the message or the place the message must reach.
- Noise: Physical disturbances that prevent the message from reaching the receiver as intended.
Shannon and Weaver's Model Advantages
- It includes the concept of noise.
- Communication is a 2-way process.
- It is applicable to general communication.
- Communication is quantifiable.
Shannon and Weaver's Model Disadvantages
- It applies more to interpersonal communication than to group or mass communication.
- The receiver is passive, while the sender plays the primary role.
- Feedback is considered less important than the message.
- Some critics find this model misleading because human communication is not mathematical.
Schramm's Communication Model (1954)
- A 2-way communication process involves both sender and receiver taking turns to send and receive messages and both participants are both sender and receiver
- It shows the process as never ending.
- Encoding and decoding are the most important parts of communication.
- It adds a psychological element, with background playing an important role.
Schramm's Model Advantages
- It is circular, not linear.
- It is dynamic and ever-changing.
- It is semantic noise is included.
- It features feedback as a central component.
- The field of experience helps understand the communication process.
- It includes the concept of context.
Schramm's Model Disadvantages
- It cannot deal with multiple levels of communication and complex communication processes.
- Only two sources can communicate.
Barnlund's Transactional Model of Communication
- Sending and receiving messages happens simultaneously.
- It encompasses a multi-layer feedback system.
- It provides constant feedback.
- It is non-linear.
- Meaning is actively assigned.
Barnlund's Model Advantages
- It shows field experiences of the sender and receiver.
- Encompasses simultaneous message sending, noise, and feedback.
- Critics consider it the most systematic model of communication.
Barnlund's Model Disadvantages
- It is very complex.
- The sender and receiver must understand the same codes.
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