Chapter 1 Definition and Concept Communication (New) PDF

Definition of Concept Communications ac Aida Filzah Ramli preencoded.png Concept and Definition of Communication ❖Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals. It’s a transmission of a MESSAGE, from a S...

Definition of Concept Communications ac Aida Filzah Ramli preencoded.png Concept and Definition of Communication ❖Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals. It’s a transmission of a MESSAGE, from a SOURCE, and a to a RECEIVER. Communication is crucial for building relationships, sharing knowledge, and achieving common goals. ❖A convenient way to describe communication is to answer these questions (Harold Lasswell, 1948) Who? Says what? Through which channel? To whom? With what effect? preencoded.png Lasswell’s Model of Communication Communication - a simple model of communication (Lasswell, 1948) A source sends through a to a producing a message medium receiver some effect preencoded.png Type of Communication Verbal Language-based communication, including speaking, writing, and sign language, is a primary mode of conveying thoughts and ideas. Nonverbal Body language, facial expressions, and gestures play a crucial role in conveying emotions, attitudes, and unspoken messages. Visual Visual communication, such as images, graphics, and videos, is powerful in conveying complex information quickly and effectively. preencoded.png Forms of Communication Communication exists in a vast spectrum of forms, each tailored to specific contexts and purposes. Understanding the different types and forms allows for effective and targeted communication. Intrapersonal Interpersonal Mass Communication Communication with oneself, Communication between two or Communication through media including thoughts, feelings, and more people, including channels, such as television, self-reflection, plays a vital role in conversations, relationships, and radio, and the internet, reaches a self-awareness and decision- social interactions, is essential for large audience and can influence making. building connections and public opinion and behavior. understanding. preencoded.png Forms of Communication Communication exists in a vast spectrum of forms, each tailored to specific contexts and purposes. Understanding the different types and forms allows for effective and targeted communication. Small group communication Organizational communication Public communication Communication among three or Interaction of individuals in a Involves one person who speaks more individuals. formal working environment, e.g: to a large number of people, e.g: an executive sends messages a professor speaking to a down to his/her staff. students, or a candidate for general election talking to a crowd of supporters. preencoded.png Process of Communication Communication involves a series of steps that ensure successful transmission of information from sender to receiver. Understanding the process helps identify potential obstacles and optimize communication effectiveness. Encoding 1 Encoding: The sender formulates the message. 2 Transmission The message is conveyed through a chosen channel. Decoding 3 The receiver interprets the message 4 Feedback The receiver's response to the message, providing the sender with confirmation of understanding or prompting clarification. preencoded.png Osgood and Schramm’s Model of Interpersonal Communication (1954) Depicts the Interpersonal Communication – communication between two or a few people. A form of communication that involves two or a few individuals signaling to each other using their voices, facial, and hand gestures, and other signs (even the brand of a shirt) that they use to convey meaning. preencoded.png Shannon and Weaver Model of Interpersonal Communication (1948) Depicts a communication between two people using a medium. preencoded.png Elements Interpersonal of Communication Source/Sender 1 Encoding An information source. Presumably a person who creates a Process by which the source translates the thoughts and 2 ideas so that they can be perceived by the human senses. message. Message 3 Transmitter Performs the physical activity of sending out the message. A Which is both sent by the information source and received by 4 the destination. telephone is an example of a mediating technology, or a medium, of communication. Signal 5 Channel/Carrier Which flows through a channel. 6 Channels are the pathways through which the transmitter Decoding sends all features of the messages, whether they involve 7 sight, sound, smell or touch. The way in which the transmitted impulses are converted to signs that the brain can perceive as meaningful. 8 Noice Feedback Is an environmental, mechanical, and semantic sound in the Occurs when the receiver responds to the message with 9 communication situation that interferes with the delivery of what the sender perceives as a message. the message. 10 Receiver Presumably a person or organization who consumes and preencoded.png processes the message. Communication Channels Communication channels refer to the means by which messages are transmitted. Each channel offers unique advantages and disadvantages, requiring careful selection based on the nature of the message and the intended audience. Face to Face Ideal for real-time conversations, allowing for immediate feedback and clarification. Digital Email, social media, instant messaging. Written Letters, reports, memos. Broadcast Television, radio, podcasts. preencoded.png Principles of Communication in Media Communication principles are essential for creating effective and engaging media content. These principles guide the design and production of media messages, ensuring clear, compelling, and impactful communication. Clarity The message should be clear, concise, and easy to understand, avoiding jargon/argot/slang and technical terms. Conciseness The message should be brief and to the point, delivering the key information without unnecessary details or distractions. Relevance The message should be relevant to the audience's interests and needs, engaging their attention and providing value. Consistency The message should maintain a consistent style and tone throughout, ensuring a cohesive and coherent experience for the audience. preencoded.png Audience Analysis Audience analysis is a fundamental step in media production, helping creators tailor their messages to specific target groups. Understanding the audience's demographics, interests, and needs allows for effective communication and engagement. Demographics Age, gender, location, education, income, and other demographic factors influence audience preferences and consumption habits. Interests Exploring the audience's passions, hobbies, and areas of interest helps create relevant and engaging content that resonates with their needs. Needs Identifying the audience's informational, entertainment, or emotional needs allows for targeted content that addresses their specific desires. preencoded.png Media Literacy Media literacy is the ability to critically analyze and evaluate media messages. It empowers individuals to be informed consumers of media, understanding the messages they are exposed to, recognizing biases, and making informed choices. 1 Critical Thinking Media literacy encourages questioning the information presented, identifying biases, and evaluating the credibility of sources. 2 Informed Decision-Making It helps individuals make informed choices about the media they consume, recognizing the impact of media on their beliefs and behaviors. 3 Effective Communication Media literacy fosters effective communication skills, enabling individuals to create, share, and engage with media in a meaningful way. preencoded.png