Common Neurological Disorders for Medical SLPs
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Questions and Answers

Most patients with GBS recover completely after ______

physical therapy

Complications of GBS include Long term physical ______

weakness

ALS is a degenerative disease of upper motor neuron (UMN) and lower motor neuron (LMN) with unknown ______

cause

Common symptoms of ALS include Sialorrhea (excessive ______)

<p>drooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

ALS cases eventually may be referred to SLP for ______ and dysphagia

<p>dysarthria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some of the common features of ALS are respiratory difficulty, Parkinson’s like symptoms, cognitive impairment, and inappropriate excessive behavioral responses to emotional ______

<p>events</p> Signup and view all the answers

Riluzole is the only FDA-approved medication used for ______…it aims to slow the progression of the disease

<p>ALS</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anticholinergic medications are used to control ______

<p>drooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eventually ALS patients may need to use non-oral means of feeding (PEG tube) to maintain ______

<p>nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

AAC is used for ______

<p>communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting ______ system

<p>extrapyramidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacological treatments are used to manage the early symptoms, advanced symptoms and neuroprotective drugs are used to slow down ongoing cell damage and ______

<p>death</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the medication with the ______ Once the cause is eliminated, communication should improve spontaneously

<p>physician</p> Signup and view all the answers

People age at different rate and the effect of aging on healthy individuals vary.Age-related changes include: - Reduced capacity - Decreased the ability of homeostasis and regulation of body systems ( the ability of the body to self-regulate) - Decline of visual and hearing ______

<p>acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

About 1/3 of drugs are taken by people older than 65 years 30% of hospital admission in US are attributable to adverse drug events About 40% of adverse drug events are considered serious, and life-threating Normal age-related changes make older adults more vulnerable to adverse drug ______

<p>reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Older adults may not report symptoms of the disease ….they learn to tolerate syndrome that develop slowly - Some common conditions are mistaken as a normal part of aging, for example: Memory loss, vision and hearing loss, and ______

<p>falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

Older adults may have different disease presentations and vague and non-specific symptoms Example, depression in young adults ( sadness), depression in older adults ______

<p>confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Older adults may experience changes in communication due to decrease of hearing and visual acuity, and also due to cognitive ______

<p>decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

LSVT-loud is an evidence-based treatment to improve voice and speech intelligibility, while LSVT-Big is adopted by ____ to improve muscle strength and movement.

<p>PT</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to trigger dopamine production and reduce abnormal ____.

<p>movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

Medications used to treat neurological disorders often involve modulation of neurotransmitter function such as Acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate, and ____.

<p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

Narcotic and hypnotic sedatives drugs indirectly affect communication through their effect on ____ (attention, orientation, and memory).

<p>cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anticholinergic drugs used for Parkinson’s disease can cause a decrease in saliva and dry mouth leading to difficulties in speech and articulation, and also affect ____.

<p>cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Management of communication difficulties resulting from drug adverse effects includes a comprehensive assessment of the symptoms profile, reviewing medication history, ruling out non-drug related potential causes, and consulting a ____.

<p>pharmacist</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some common neurological disorders Medical SLPs should know include Change in mentation, Stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury, Multiple sclerosis, Acute muscle weakness (Guillian Barrie syndrome), Progressive muscle weakness (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Myasthenia gravis), and Movement disorders (Parkinson’s and Dystonia).

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delirium is characterized by mental confusion and emotional disruption, and it is usually transient and reversible. It is common among ER, surgical, and medical ward patients. In the US, more than 30% of inpatients older than 70 years experience ______. In this case, SLPs are usually consulted for speech, language, and swallowing evaluation.

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Causes of ______ include medications and illicit substances (e.g., cocaine), as well as renal insufficiency. Risk factors for ______ include drug-drug interactions, advanced aging, dementia, and long hospitalization.

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delirium is a condition characterized by mental confusion and emotional disruption, and it is often reversible. It is prevalent among ER, surgical, and medical ward patients, with over 30% of inpatients older than 70 experiencing ______. Speech, language, and swallowing evaluation by SLPs is common in these cases.

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some common neurological disorders that Medical SLPs should be familiar with are Change in mentation, Stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury, Multiple sclerosis, Acute muscle weakness (Guillian Barrie syndrome), Progressive muscle weakness (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Myasthenia gravis), and Movement disorders (Parkinson’s and Dystonia).

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of neurological disorders, Medical SLPs should have knowledge of Change in mentation, Stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury, Multiple sclerosis, Acute muscle weakness (Guillian Barrie syndrome), Progressive muscle weakness (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Myasthenia gravis), and Movement disorders (Parkinson’s and Dystonia).

<p>delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

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