Common Diseases of the Bones

Common Diseases of the Bones

• Sprain: A tear or stretch in a ligament, usually caused by forcing a joint beyond its normal range of motion
• Dislocation: An injury where the ends of bones in a joint are forced out of their normal position. Do not attempt to move or reposition a dislocated joint yourself as it can cause further damage. Apply ice to reduce swelling and bleeding.
• Fracture: A partial or complete break in a bone caused by exceeding the bone's ability to absorb force.
  • Closed fracture (simple fracture): The broken bone does not pierce the skin.
  • Open fracture (compound fracture): The broken bone punctures the skin.
• Rickets: A bone softening and weakening condition in children, primarily caused by severe and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is crucial for calcium and phosphorus absorption.
• Osteoporosis: A condition where bones become less dense and weaker, increasing the risk of fractures. The name "osteoporosis" translates to "porous bone".
• Scoliosis: An abnormal curvature of the spine.
• Arthritis: Swelling and tenderness affecting one or more joints.