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Column Chromatography in Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary principle of column chromatography?

Differential density of compounds

Differential solubility of compounds

Differential adsorption of compounds to the adsorbent (correct)

Differential viscosity of compounds

What is the purpose of introducing the mobile phase from the top of the column?

To mix the components of the mixture

To separate the components of the mixture (correct)

To increase the adsorption of the solute molecules

To slow down the movement of the components

What is the retardation factor (Rf) in column chromatography?

The rate of movement of the solvent

The ratio of the distance travelled by the solvent to the distance travelled by the solute

The rate of adsorption of solute molecules

The ratio of the distance travelled by the solute to the distance travelled by the solvent (correct)

What is the characteristic of the adsorption of solute molecules to the column in column chromatography?

Reversible Signup and view all the answers

What is the final result of the separation process in column chromatography?

Separated fractions of the original mixture Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of separation of substances in column chromatography?

Differential adsorption of compounds to the adsorbent Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to express the rate of movement of components in column chromatography?

Rf = distance travelled by solute/ distance travelled by solvent Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of chromatography technique used in column chromatography?

Adsorption chromatography Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the components that move slowly in column chromatography?

They are eluted out last Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of adsorption of solute molecules to the column in column chromatography?

Reversible Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Column Chromatography

A technique used to separate a single chemical compound from a mixture dissolved in a fluid
Separates substances based on differential adsorption of compounds to the adsorbent as they move through the column at different rates
Can be used on small and large scales to purify materials for future experiments
A type of adsorption chromatography technique

Principle

When the mobile phase and mixture are introduced into the column, individual components move at different rates
Components with lower adsorption and affinity to stationary phase travel faster
Components with greater adsorption and affinity to stationary phase travel slower
Faster-moving components are removed first, while slower-moving components are eluted last
Adsorption of solute molecules to the column occurs in a reversible manner
Rate of movement expressed as: Rf = distance travelled by solute / distance travelled by solvent

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Description

Test your understanding of column chromatography, a technique used to separate and purify chemical compounds from a mixture. This quiz covers the principles and applications of column chromatography in chemistry.