32 Questions
What is the stationary phase in column chromatography?
Chemically bonded support particles
In which type of chromatography does the stationary phase consist of small-diameter particles?
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
What are the factors affecting column efficiency in column chromatography?
All of the above
Which type of liquid chromatography uses large, non-rigid support material particles greater than 40 µm in diameter?
Low-performance liquid chromatography
What is the detection method used in low-performance liquid chromatography?
Fraction collection with later analysis of each fraction
What are the advantages of low-performance liquid chromatography?
Simple system requirements and low cost
What is the main difference between traditional column chromatography and HPLC?
HPLC allows the sample to be applied using a closed system, while traditional column chromatography does not.
What contributes to the high resolving power and short analysis time characteristic of HPLC?
Increased flow rates achieved by applying higher pressure and using adsorbents of small particle size.
What are the advantages of HPLC for preparative chromatography?
Ease of automation and fast analysis time.
In which application is HPLC used for the analysis of antibiotics?
Pharmaceutical quality control
What determines the retention and elution of solutes in HPLC?
Interactions of solutes with both the mobile and stationary phases.
What type of solvent would be considered a strong mobile phase for a column containing a polar stationary phase?
Polar solvent
What is an application of HPLC in forensics?
Identification of anabolic steroids in serum, urine, sweat, and hair
What is the nature of support material particles used in HPLC methods?
Small, uniform, rigid support material particles
What is used to force the mobile phase through the HPLC column under high pressure?
Injection valve
What are the reasons for the limited use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?
Low efficiency, long analysis times, and poor limits of detection
The stationary phase in column chromatography may be pure silica, polymer, or coated onto support particles.
True
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) uses large, non-rigid support material particles greater than 40 µm in diameter.
False
Low-performance liquid chromatography (LC) methods can only tolerate high operating pressures.
False
The nature of the solvent does not affect the efficiency of the column in column chromatography.
False
In HPLC, the sample is usually applied directly to the bottom of the column.
False
The detection method used in low-performance liquid chromatography involves direct analysis of each fraction without fraction collection.
False
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is commonly used due to its high efficiency and short analysis times.
False
HPLC uses a solvent (mobile phase) that is allowed to drip through the column under gravity.
False
The parameters used to describe a HPLC column refer to the nature, type, and size of its stationary phase material, and the dimensions of the column used.
False
Increased flow rates in HPLC are obtained by applying a pressure across the stationary phase.
False
Preparative chromatography using HPLC is not suitable for automation.
False
HPLC is not the preferred choice for purification work.
False
HPLC is not used in pharmaceutical applications for shelf life determination of pharmaceutical products.
False
The interactions of solutes with the stationary phase have no effect on the retention and elution of solutes in HPLC.
False
A polar solvent would be considered a weak mobile phase for a column containing a polar stationary phase.
True
Rapid elution in a few minutes for all compounds in the mixture is characteristic of a weak mobile phase.
False
Study Notes
Column Chromatography
- The stationary phase in column chromatography can be pure silica, polymer, or coated onto support particles.
Types of Chromatography
- High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) uses small-diameter particles as the stationary phase.
- Low-performance liquid chromatography (LC) methods use large, non-rigid support material particles greater than 40 µm in diameter.
Factors Affecting Column Efficiency
- Multiple factors affect column efficiency in column chromatography.
Detection Methods
- Low-performance liquid chromatography (LC) uses direct analysis of each fraction without fraction collection.
Advantages of HPLC
- HPLC has high efficiency and short analysis times due to its ability to use high pressures and small particles.
- HPLC is suitable for preparative chromatography and automation.
- HPLC is commonly used in pharmaceutical applications for shelf life determination of pharmaceutical products.
HPLC Characteristics
- HPLC uses a high-pressure pump to force the mobile phase through the column.
- The interactions of solutes with the stationary phase determine the retention and elution of solutes in HPLC.
- A non-polar solvent would be considered a strong mobile phase for a column containing a polar stationary phase.
- Rapid elution in a few minutes for all compounds in the mixture is characteristic of a strong mobile phase.
Applications of HPLC
- HPLC is used in forensics and pharmaceutical applications.
- HPLC is used for the analysis of antibiotics.
Limitations of HPLC
- High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has limited use due to several reasons.
Test your knowledge of column chromatography, a separation technique used in chemistry. This quiz covers the stationary and mobile phases, different types of column chromatography such as gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, and factors affecting column efficiency.
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