Color Reactions in Clinical Biochemistry
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Questions and Answers

Which type of acid is trichloroacetic acid (TCA)?

  • H2SO4
  • Mineral acid
  • Organic acid (correct)
  • HCl

    • What is an example of a mineral acid?

  • Mercury
  • Conc.HNO3 (correct)
  • H2SO4
  • Trichloroacetic acid

    • Which type of acid can be denoted by the chemical formula H2SO4?

  • HCl
  • Organic acid
  • Mineral acid (correct)
  • Mercury

    • In the context of the text, which of the following is most likely to react with metals to produce salts and hydrogen gas?

    <p>Mineral acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of acid is commonly used in chemistry experiments as a powerful oxidizing agent?

    <p>Conc.HNO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of the principle of protein precipitation using (NH4)2SO4?

    <p>Competition for H2O molecules with protein molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of half-saturation with (NH4)2SO4 on serum globulin?

    <p>Precipitation of serum globulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of (NH4)2SO4 in protein precipitation?

    <p>To neutralize the charge on protein molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using (NH4)2SO4 in protein purification?

    <p>To induce dehydration and precipitation of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to protein molecules when they are subjected to (NH4)2SO4?

    <p>They are dehydrated and precipitated out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nucleoproteins composed of?

    <p>Protein part and nucleic acid part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of nucleoproteins based on?

    <p>Types of nucleic acids they contain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the full form of DNP?

    <p>Deoxyribonucleoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical composition of DNA?

    <p>H3PO4 + deoxyribose + purine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for nucleoproteins that contain RNA?

    <p>RNP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a practical application of pI?

    <p>To isolate a certain protein by precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of using pI in a biological extract?

    <p>A certain protein is isolated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using pI in a biological extract?

    <p>To isolate a certain protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a certain protein is isolated using pI?

    <p>Precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of using pI with a biological extract?

    <p>A protein is isolated by precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between Na2S and Na plumbite (Pb(ONa)2)?

    <p>PbS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of color reactions in clinical biochemistry?

    <p>To identify and quantify proteins and amino acids in biological media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactant that forms a violet-red complex with Na2S?

    <p>Nitroprusside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the reaction that produces a black precipitate of PbS?

    <p>Fohl’s Rxn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is not a color reaction?

    <p>Fohl’s Rxn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fohl's Reaction and Nitroprusside Reaction

    • Fohl's reaction involves the reaction of Na2S with Na plumbite (Pb(ONa)2) to form a black precipitate of PbS.
    • This reaction is used to detect sulphur-containing compounds like cysteine, cysteine, and methionine.

    Nitroprusside Reaction

    • Nitroprusside reaction involves the reaction of Na2S with Na nitroprusside to form a violet-red complex that fades over time.
    • This reaction is used to detect sulphur-containing compounds like cysteine, cysteine, and methionine.

    Color Reactions in Clinical Biochemistry

    • Color reactions are used in clinical biochemistry to identify proteins and amino acids in biological media.
    • Mineral acids like conc. HNO3 and organic acids like trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are used to detect proteins and amino acids.

    Precipitation of Proteins

    • Precipitation of proteins is based on the principle of neutralizing the charge on protein molecules using (NH4)2SO4.
    • This induces dehydration of protein molecules, leading to precipitation (salting out).
    • Half saturation with (NH4)2SO4 causes precipitation of serum globulin.

    Nucleoproteins

    • Nucleoproteins are composed of protein and nucleic acid parts (DNA and RNA).
    • Nucleoproteins are classified into Ribonucleoproteins (RNP) and Deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNP).
    • DNA is composed of DNA, H3PO4, deoxyribose, and purine, bound to a protein.

    Isolation of Proteins

    • The isoelectric point (pI) of a protein allows for its isolation by precipitation from biological extracts.

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers color reactions in clinical biochemistry including Fohl’s Reaction and Nitroprusside Reaction for identifying proteins and amino acids in biological media. Practical applications of these reactions are discussed.

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