Collagen Synthesis and Modification
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the human body's proteins is composed of collagen?

  • 15%
  • 30%
  • 25% (correct)
  • 20%

    • What is the characteristic of the repetitive amino acid sequence in collagen?

  • Gly-X-Y every third residue (correct)
  • Gly-X-X every third residue
  • Gly-X-Y every fifth residue
  • Gly-X-Y every seventh residue

    • What is the function of hydroxyproline in collagen?

  • Contributes to H-bonding between α-chains (correct)
  • Provides flexibility to the collagen molecule
  • Allows for sharp twisting and confers rigidity
  • Contributes to the formation of disulfide bonds

    • What is the characteristic of the α-chains in collagen?

    <p>Left-handed helix with 3.3 residues per turn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular weight of the collagen triple helix?

    <p>300 kDa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the collagen triple helix?

    <p>A tightly packed, right-handed superhelix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of elastin in connective tissue?

    <p>Enabling extensibility and elastic recoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)?

    <p>Keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibronectin in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

    <p>Enabling cell adhesion and migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following proteoglycans is NOT typically found in the ECM?

    <p>Serglycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the ECM?

    <p>Regulating ECM degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is associated with defects in collagen biosynthesis?

    <p>Osteogenesis imperfecta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hyaluronic acid in the ECM?

    <p>Attracting water by osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)?

    <p>They are unbranched polysaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of integrins in the ECM?

    <p>Enabling cell adhesion and signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of defects in GAG degradation?

    <p>Mucopolysaccharidoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of MMPs destroying the ECM?

    <p>Release of bound growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinated expression of MMPs and TIMPs?

    <p>To facilitate appropriate growth and cell movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do MMPs contribute to cancer cell metastasis?

    <p>By facilitating ECM remodeling and allowing cells to spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TIMPs in regulating MMP activity?

    <p>To inhibit MMP activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of dysregulation of MMP activity and TIMP expression?

    <p>Development of certain clinical disorders, such as cancer and atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix?

    <p>To form a scaffold for cell attachment and signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the ECM in terms of its composition?

    <p>It varies in tissues depending on their functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ECM in terms of the movement of cells and molecules?

    <p>To prevent the movement of cells and molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the adhesion proteins fibronectin and laminin?

    <p>They are non-fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ECM in terms of organ protection?

    <p>To protect organs from mechanical damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which MMPs are regulated?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the ECM in terms of its structure?

    <p>It is a porous structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of dysregulation of MMP activity and TIMP expression?

    <p>Facilitation of certain clinical disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of MMPs in cell movement within the ECM?

    <p>To facilitate cell movement by remodeling the ECM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of ECM destruction by MMPs?

    <p>Release of bound growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for appropriate growth and cell movement?

    <p>Coordinated expression of MMPs and TIMPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix?

    <p>To attract and bind water, contributing to tissue turgor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of hyaluronic acid in the ECM?

    <p>It is a large, unbranched polysaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following GAGs is typically found in cartilage and bone?

    <p>Chondroitin sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of defects in GAG degradation?

    <p>Mucopolysaccharidoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of proteoglycans in the ECM?

    <p>To determine ECM structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of proteoglycans?

    <p>They are found in all tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteoglycans in cell signaling and behavior?

    <p>They regulate cell signaling and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of defects in proteoglycan synthesis?

    <p>Mucopolysaccharidoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of proteoglycan?

    <p>Serglycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glycosaminoglycans in determining ECM structure and function?

    <p>They attract and bind water, contributing to tissue turgor</p> Signup and view all the answers

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