Biology: Collagen and Fibronectin Synthesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of lysyl oxidases in collagen synthesis?

  • Glycosylation of lysine residues
  • Cleavage of N- and C-terminal propeptides
  • Covalent crosslinking between lysine residues of collagen molecules (correct)
  • Hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues

    • What is the main component of the interstitial tissue stroma?

  • Basal membrane
  • Fibronectin dimers
  • Network collagens
  • Fibrous collagens (correct)

    • What is the function of integrin clustering in fibronectin assembly?

  • It prevents cell-surface binding of soluble FN dimers
  • It promotes FN–fibril assembly by exposing cryptic binding sites (correct)
  • It inhibits cell contraction through the actomyosin cytoskeleton
  • It cleaves N- and C-terminal propeptides of collagen molecules

    • How many types of collagen have been identified in vertebrates?

    <p>28</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fibronectin binding sites?

    <p>They promote binding to other FN dimers, collagen, and heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the enzymatic post-translational modifications of collagen type I?

    <p>The strengthening of collagen fibrils through covalent crosslinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Collagen Synthesis

    • 28 types of collagen have been identified in vertebrates
    • Collagen molecules form a triple-stranded helix, which can assemble into supramolecular complexes like fibrils and networks
    • Fibrous collagens form the backbone of collagen fibril bundles in interstitial tissue stroma
    • Network collagens are incorporated into the basal membrane (BM)

    Post-Translational Modifications in Collagen Synthesis

    • Synthesis of collagen type I involves enzymatic post-translational modifications
    • Modifications include hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues, glycosylation of lysine, and cleavage of N- and C-terminal propeptides

    Collagen Fibril Formation

    • Collagen fibrils are strengthened by covalent crosslinking between lysine residues of constituent collagen molecules by lysyl oxidases (LOX)

    Fibronectin Synthesis and Assembly

    • Fibronectin (FN) is secreted as a dimer joined by two C-terminal disulfide bonds
    • FN has binding sites for other FN dimers, collagen, heparin, and cell-surface integrin receptors
    • Cell-surface binding of soluble FN dimer is essential for its assembly into longer fibrils
    • Cell contraction through the actomyosin cytoskeleton and integrin clustering promotes FN–fibril assembly

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    Description

    Learn about the different types of collagen, their structure, and functions in vertebrates. Understand how they assemble into complexes and their role in interstitial tissue stroma and basal membranes.

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