CNS Physiology: Neuronal Electrical Signals Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the electrical potential difference across the cell membrane known as?

Action Potential (AP)

Graded Potential (GP)

Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) (correct)

Ion Movement Potential (IMP)

What allows communication over short and long distances in excitable cells?

Electrical forces

Graded potentials (GP)

Action potentials (AP) (correct)

Resting Membrane Potential (RMP)

What increases the electrical force of attraction between ions?

The lipid bilayer

The quantity of charge (correct)

The type of ion

The resting membrane potential

What allows communication over short distances only in excitable cells?

Graded potentials (GP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential difference across the membrane of a neuron?

~-70mV Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ion channels respond to chemical stimulus such as neurotransmitters and hormones?

Ligand-gated channels Signup and view all the answers

What type of ion channels respond to mechanical vibration or pressure stimuli?

Mechanically gated channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the resting membrane potential of a non-conducting neuron?

~-70mV Signup and view all the answers

What generates concentration gradients in neurons?

$Na^+$/K^+$ pumps Signup and view all the answers

What are graded potentials confined to?

Small region of the plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What determines the magnitude of transient changes in membrane potential?

Magnitude of the stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action potentials (APs)?

Voltage-gated channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of myelination in neurons?

Increase the speed of action potential propagation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the propagation speed of action potentials?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ion channels in generating large, rapid changes in membrane potential?

Generate local currents that depolarize adjacent regions Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of saltatory conduction in myelinated neurons?

Reduce energy consumption during action potential propagation Signup and view all the answers

What happens during depolarization in an action potential?

Membrane potential becomes more positive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Electrical Properties of Neurons

The electrical potential difference across the cell membrane is known as the membrane potential.
The membrane potential allows communication over short and long distances in excitable cells.

Ion Channels

Ion channels that respond to chemical stimuli, such as neurotransmitters and hormones, are classified as ligand-gated ion channels.
Ion channels that respond to mechanical vibration or pressure stimuli are classified as mechanosensitive ion channels.

Resting Membrane Potential

The resting membrane potential of a non-conducting neuron is typically around -70mV.

Concentration Gradients

Concentration gradients in neurons are generated by the sodium-potassium pump.
The sodium-potassium pump is responsible for maintaining the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane.

Graded Potentials

Graded potentials are confined to the local region of the neuron where they are generated.
The magnitude of transient changes in membrane potential is determined by the strength of the stimulus.

Action Potentials (APs)

The mechanism of action potentials (APs) involves a rapid change in the membrane potential, resulting in a brief (millisecond-scale) reversal of the membrane potential.
Action potentials are generated by the rapid opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels.

Myelination

The function of myelination in neurons is to increase the propagation speed of action potentials.
Myelination allows for saltatory conduction, where the action potential jumps from node to node, increasing the speed of transmission.

Propagation Speed

The propagation speed of action potentials is affected by the distance between nodes of Ranvier.

Ion Channels and Membrane Potential

Ion channels play a crucial role in generating large, rapid changes in membrane potential, enabling the transmission of action potentials.

Depolarization

During depolarization in an action potential, the membrane potential becomes less negative, moving towards a more positive value.

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Description

Test your knowledge of CNS physiology and electrical signals in neurons with this quiz. Learn about the movement of ions across the lipid bilayer, neuron resting membrane potential, maintenance mechanisms, and generation/propagation of signals.