CMDS 2500 Final Test Review Guide
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What does digital policy literacy involve?

  • Learning about online advertising techniques
  • Becoming proficient in coding for the internet
  • Understanding financial policies related to technology
  • Knowledge of digital policy issues and informed consumption of information (correct)

    • Which statement accurately distinguishes social media from other online services?

  • Social media is based solely on user-generated content and interactions.
  • Social media must allow users to create profiles and engage with both content and other users. (correct)
  • Social media exclusively allows for video sharing.
  • Social media can only be accessed through dedicated applications.

    • What layer of the internet is concerned with the physical devices and connections?

  • Physical layer (correct)
  • Content layer
  • Application layer
  • Logical layer

    • In the context of the internet's layer model, what role does the application layer play?

    <p>It includes software applications that utilize internet protocols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

    <p>Agencies that connect consumers to the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does user-generated content (UGC) fit into the content layer of the internet?

    <p>UGC is part of the diverse types of content within the content layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok?

    <p>They are based on user-generated content and allow for user interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge arises when defining social media?

    <p>Differentiating between standalone services and those with social media aspects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'data retention'?

    <p>The storage of data for future use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'veracity' in the context of Big Data refer to?

    <p>The accuracy and trustworthiness of the data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of analytics mentioned in the content?

    <p>Descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Big Data is NOT accurate?

    <p>More data always leads to better insights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'metadata'?

    <p>Data that describes other data, such as size and timestamp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following captures the essence of 'digital dossier'?

    <p>A collection of digital data tracks about an individual or entity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'volume' characteristic of Big Data represent?

    <p>The amount of data being collected and analyzed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept emphasizes the ethical concerns related to data accessibility?

    <p>Six critical questions for Big Data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ITP in internet communication?

    <p>To connect internet networks together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes packet-switched communication?

    <p>Data is divided into packets that take random paths to the server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is boomerang routing?

    <p>When domestic internet traffic leaves the country for processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does network sovereignty refer to?

    <p>Maintaining control over a country's physical network infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of data localization?

    <p>To keep data within the sites of its creation, like keeping Canadian data in Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does artificial intelligence influence decision-making?

    <p>AI simulates human learning processes to assist in problem-solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly characterizes big data?

    <p>Big data consists of extremely large datasets that continue to grow in definition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical concerns are raised by the collection of big data and AI?

    <p>Data analytics can contribute to outcomes that may negatively impact individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prescriptive data analysis aim to determine?

    <p>An optimal plan or course of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant issue when it comes to eligibility determinations and big data?

    <p>Bias in datasets and algorithms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the bias present in big data analysis?

    <p>Human interpretation of algorithm results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a 'mobile-only' user?

    <p>A person who accesses the internet solely through mobile devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the digital divide related to mobile internet access?

    <p>Limited bandwidth and data caps of mobile networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mobile devices generally compare to PCs in terms of capabilities?

    <p>PCs are better suited for research and productivity tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'embodied computing' refer to?

    <p>Technologies integrated into or worn on the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about mobile internet is false?

    <p>It provides users a browsing experience equivalent to broadband.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant reason that people do not read terms of service and privacy policies?

    <p>They are written in Legalese and difficult to understand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes clickwrap agreements?

    <p>They are designed to draw attention away from the terms of service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'commons-based peer production'?

    <p>Decentralized collaboration without a formal hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an example of digital commons?

    <p>Open source software and wikis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the networked information economy, what does 'removing barriers to entry' imply?

    <p>Encouraging open access and communal production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'intellectual property' refer to?

    <p>Information and creations that are owned and legally protected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the clickwrap agreement design?

    <p>Companies benefit as users often do not read the policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the relationship between users and their data?

    <p>Privacy policies empower users to control their data, but this is often ineffective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the open source concept?

    <p>Anyone has the ability to modify material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the intrinsic motivations for individuals participating in open source projects?

    <p>Advancing personal ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Creative Commons licenses is true?

    <p>CC by attribution requires crediting the original creator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does open access primarily aim to provide?

    <p>Opportunities to access products without barriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines misinformation?

    <p>Information that is not entirely true but not intentionally misleading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant feature of Wikipedia?

    <p>It allows anyone to edit its content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motivation is considered extrinsic in the context of open source projects?

    <p>Developing new skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects the ideology behind open source?

    <p>Visibility and access to information should be a priority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CMDS 2500: Final Test Review Guide

    • Internet Enthusiast vs. Skeptic: Digital policy literacy is crucial for informed online consumption. Are we blindly consuming online information or understanding its context? This involves understanding online privacy, digital divides, and IP protections.

    Social Media

    • Definition: User-generated content (UGC), web 2.0 technologies, and user interaction via profiles. A distinction exists between standalone and built-in functionalities. Examples of standalone platforms are Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube; while news services like CBC may incorporate social media functionalities.

    Internet

    • Definition: A global network of devices (computers, phones, IoT devices). This is described by a layer model.

      • Physical Layer: The physical network components.
      • Logical Layer: The language (internet protocols) enabling transmissions.
      • Application Layer: The software/apps used to connect with the internet.
      • Content Layer: The content accessed through devices and applications.

    Big Data

    • Concept: Extremely large datasets. The definition of "large" is constantly evolving due to the normalized increase in data.
    • Definition: Initially, it was datasets requiring supercomputers to process. Now, home computers can process some types.
    • Four V's of Big Data:
      • Volume: The scale of data.
      • Variety: Data from multiple sources.
      • Velocity: Speed of data analysis.
      • Veracity: Accuracy/uncertainty of the data.

    Artificial Intelligence (AI)

    • Definition: Technology simulating human learning, comprehension, problem-solving, and decision-making in machines.
    • Data Collection and Analytics: There's an impact related to the use of AI in data collection, analysis, and the implications for users.

    Mobile Devices and Internet

    • Mobile Devices: Computers that are usable when mobile (e.g., smartphones, tablets).
    • Mobile Internet: A limited version of the desktop internet, based on cellular networks; it's significantly more limited. Distinguishing between mobile-only, mobile-mostly users.
    • Mobile Internet Underclass: Users confined to mobile internet access have an inferior browsing experience, creating a digital divide.

    Privacy and Data

    • Embodied Computing: Devices integrated into our bodies (wearables, digestibles), and their relationship to privacy and data collection.
    • Definitions of Privacy: Definitions are complex (e.g., the ability to opt out, freedom from observation in one's home).
    • Nothing to Hide Argument: The argument that data collection is acceptable because users have nothing to hide.

    Open Source and Public Information

    • Wikipedia: Example of open-source collaborative online knowledge production.
    • Open Access/Open Materials: Communal ownership of technologies and access to data.
    • Intellectual Property (IP): Legal rights to creations of the mind(e.g., artistic works, design).
    • Open Source Concept and Motivations: A model where design access is encouraged.
      • Intrinsic Motivations: Desires to advance shared ideals.
      • Extrinsic Motivations: Personal development/career goals.
    • Copyright: Legal rights to reproduce/reproduce a work. Usage of Creative Commons licenses to create various licenses related to copyright.
    • Information Literacy Skills and knowledge in evaluating, using, and filtering information.

    Other Concepts

    • Misinformation/Disinformation: Information that is inaccurate or intended to deceive; distinction between the two.
    • Civic Online Reasoning: Skillset in evaluating and verifying online information, especially political.
    • Notice Policies and clickwrap: The methods of presenting terms of service and privacy policies (often long, dense, and not well read); the idea that people agree to policies by clicking a button.

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    CMDS 2500 Final Test Review Guide PDF

    Description

    Prepare for your CMDS 2500 final test with this comprehensive review guide. Explore essential concepts such as digital policy literacy, the role of social media, and the layered structure of the internet. This guide highlights the importance of understanding online content and interactions in today's digital world.

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