Clinical Course of Chickenpox Overview
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Questions and Answers

Match the Clinical Course Happening During Chickenpox

Incubation Period = May take 1 to 3 weeks Prodromal Period = Include symptoms such as N/V, headache, myalgia, loss of appetite, fever, and malaise Infectious Period = 1 to 2 days before the rash appears until all vesicles have dried or crusted over Reactivation Period = May present as shingles

Match the Clinical Course Happening During Measles

Incubation Period = 10 days Prodroma Period = May present as fever, URTI symptoms, conjunctivitis, and Koplik's spots Infectious Period = Highest during late prodromal period Complications = May involve pneumonia, encephalitis, and otitis media

Which of the following are characteristic of chickenpox?

  • Involves GI and respiratory symptoms
  • Tiny vesicles (small blisters) surrounded by reddened area (correct)
  • Presence of Koplik's spots
  • Disseminated flat erythematous rash

    • Which of the following are characteristic of measles?

    <p>Presence of Koplik's spots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding the rash of chickenpox is TRUE?

    <p>Appears mainly on the trunk rather than the face and limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the red flag for referral in the following scenario: High temperature, pain, and redness around lesions

    <p>Bacterial superinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the red flag for referral in the following scenario: Requires immediate referral and notification

    <p>Measles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the red flag for referral in the following scenario: Reduced urine output, lethargy, and reduced skin turgor

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the red flag for referral in the following scenario: Erythematous rash or ulceration on the lower leg or ankles in an elderly person

    <p>Cellulitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the MOST important lifestyle advice for people who have not yet contracted chickenpox or measles?

    <p>Vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you recommend the uptake of measles vaccine?

    <p>Given at the age of 12 months, then 4 years old, subcutaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is ibuprofen appropriate for patients with chickenpox?

    <p>Inappropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is aspirin appropriate for adults with chickenpox?

    <p>Inappropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is Promethazine 25mg HS appropriate for a 3 y/o patient with chickenpox complaining of severe itchiness?

    <p>Appropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is adding 1% menthol to Topical Calamine Lotion for fever appropriate?

    <p>Inappropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics differentiates cold sores from impetigo?

    <p>Vesicles which rapidly break down to form golden crusts on face or extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a red flag for referral for impetigo?

    <p>Widespread herpetiform eczema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a red flag for impetigo?

    <p>Patient suffering from atopic eczema who has come into contact with an active cold sore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pharmacy products would you BEST recommend to a patient with a history of cold sores?

    <p>Sunblock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would you BEST recommend to a patient with localized non-bullous impetigo?

    <p>Aciclovir 5% Cream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you counsel on the proper use of aciclovir cream for cold sores?

    <p>Should be used as soon as symptoms exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics differentiates threadworm from roundworm?

    <p>May present as vague abdominal pain, N/V, diarrhea or bloody stools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Strict personal hygiene is complementary to pharmacological treatment of threadworms.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mebendazole for threadworm should only be given to the patient and not the family members.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The death of worms is expected after 3 hours of using Mebendazole.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The initial dose of Mebendazole for threadworms should be two tablets of 100mg.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A repeat dose of Mebendazole 14 days later is often recommended to ensure complete eradication of threadworms.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Clinical Course of Chickenpox

    • Incubation Period: 1 to 3 weeks
    • Prodromal Period: Includes symptoms like nausea, vomiting, headache, myalgia, loss of appetite, fever, and malaise. Occurring 1 to 2 days before the rash appears.
    • Infectious Period: 1 to 2 days before the rash appears until all vesicles have dried or crusted over.
    • Reactivation Period: May present as shingles.

    Clinical Course of Chickenpox (continued)

    • Incubation Period: 10 days.
    • Prodromal Period: May present as fever, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms, conjunctivitis, and Koplik's spots. Highest during the late prodromal period.
    • Infectious Period: Highest during late prodromal period.
    • Complications: May involve pneumonia, encephalitis, and otitis media.

    Differences Between Chickenpox and Measles

    • Koplik's Spots: Present in measles, absent in chickenpox.
    • Rash: Chickenpox rash involves tiny vesicles (small blisters) surrounded by reddened areas, primarily on the trunk. Measles rash is a disseminated flat erythematous rash, appearing mainly on the face and limbs.
    • Symptoms: Measles involves gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms. Chickenpox's rash spreads first on the face, then the trunk, then extremities.

    Referral Red Flags for Chickenpox and Measles

    • Bacterial Superinfection: High fever, pain, and redness around lesions may indicate a bacterial superinfection, requiring immediate referral.
    • Measles: Requires immediate referral and notification for further evaluation.
    • Dehydration: Reduced urine output, lethargy, and reduced skin turgor are signs of dehydration.
    • Cellulitis: Erythematous rash or ulceration on the lower leg or ankles in elderly persons suggests cellulitis; immediate referral is necessary.

    General Lifestyle Advice

    • Vaccination: Vaccination is the most important lifestyle advice to prevent contracting chickenpox or measles.
    • Exclusion from nursery or school: Avoid contact with others while infectious to prevent spreading the disease.
    • Adequate fluid intake: Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration.

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    Description

    Explore the clinical course of chickenpox, including its incubation period, prodromal symptoms, infectious period, and potential complications. Understand the differences between chickenpox and measles, focusing on symptoms such as Koplik's spots and the nature of the rashes. This quiz will enhance your knowledge of these important childhood diseases.

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