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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic appearance of the rash described?
What is a characteristic appearance of the rash described?
- Lace-like pattern with geographic lines (correct)
- Large blisters filled with fluid
- Uniform redness across all skin
- Small, raised bumps with a smooth texture
Which area of the body is least likely to be involved in the rash?
Which area of the body is least likely to be involved in the rash?
- Face
- Palms and soles (correct)
- Back
- Arms and legs
What is the typical sensation associated with the rash?
What is the typical sensation associated with the rash?
- Pruritus (itchiness) (correct)
- Numbness
- Tingling
- Burning
How does the rash typically resolve?
How does the rash typically resolve?
What type of pattern is formed as the rash fades?
What type of pattern is formed as the rash fades?
What is the sequence of rash development in chickenpox?
What is the sequence of rash development in chickenpox?
Which statement best describes the term 'polymorphic' in the context of chickenpox?
Which statement best describes the term 'polymorphic' in the context of chickenpox?
What characterizes the evolution of the chickenpox rash?
What characterizes the evolution of the chickenpox rash?
In terms of anatomical presentation, what does chickenpox exhibit according to its polymorphic nature?
In terms of anatomical presentation, what does chickenpox exhibit according to its polymorphic nature?
Which stage is not part of the chickenpox rash evolution?
Which stage is not part of the chickenpox rash evolution?
In which type of patients is acyclovir (Zovirax) particularly indicated for use?
In which type of patients is acyclovir (Zovirax) particularly indicated for use?
What type of treatment is recommended for secondary bacterial infections in patients treated with antiviral drugs?
What type of treatment is recommended for secondary bacterial infections in patients treated with antiviral drugs?
Which of the following conditions would NOT typically necessitate the use of antiviral drugs like acyclovir?
Which of the following conditions would NOT typically necessitate the use of antiviral drugs like acyclovir?
What role do antibiotics play in the treatment of patients who are using antiviral drugs?
What role do antibiotics play in the treatment of patients who are using antiviral drugs?
When are antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, typically utilized?
When are antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, typically utilized?
What is the typical duration of the incubation period?
What is the typical duration of the incubation period?
How many days before the onset of rash does the infectivity period begin?
How many days before the onset of rash does the infectivity period begin?
What is the maximum duration of the infectivity period after the onset of rash?
What is the maximum duration of the infectivity period after the onset of rash?
When is a person most likely to be infectious?
When is a person most likely to be infectious?
What is the shortest possible duration of the incubation period?
What is the shortest possible duration of the incubation period?
What is the primary method of prevention for chickenpox?
What is the primary method of prevention for chickenpox?
What is the purpose of Zoster Immuno-Globulin (ZIG) in chickenpox prevention?
What is the purpose of Zoster Immuno-Globulin (ZIG) in chickenpox prevention?
When should Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) be administered for effective prevention?
When should Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) be administered for effective prevention?
Which type of immunization involves the use of Zoster Immuno-Globulin?
Which type of immunization involves the use of Zoster Immuno-Globulin?
What volume of Zoster Immuno-Globulin (ZIG) is typically administered for prevention?
What volume of Zoster Immuno-Globulin (ZIG) is typically administered for prevention?
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Study Notes
Rash Characteristics
- Rash typically exhibits central clearing, resulting in a lace-like or reticulated pattern.
- Involvement of palms and soles is rare.
- Rash is pruritic but resolves without desquamation.
- Rapid evolution observed from papule to vesicle, eventually leading to crust formation.
Chickenpox Overview
- Lesions present in polymorphic states simultaneously within one anatomical area.
- Antiviral medication, such as acyclovir (Zovirax), recommended for severe cases and immunocompromised patients.
- Treatment for complications includes local or systemic antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections and supportive care for encephalitis.
Prevention Measures
- Active immunization is a critical preventive strategy.
- Passive immunization can be achieved using Zoster Immuno-Globulin (ZIG) or Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG).
- VZIG should be administered intramuscularly (IM) at a dose of 5 ml within 72 hours of exposure.
Infection Timeline
- Incubation period for chickenpox is typically 8-12 days, with an average of 10 days.
- Infectivity period begins 3 days before the rash onset and continues for 4-6 days after the rash appears.
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